The Phylogenetic Relationships And Biogeography Analysis Of Some Species Of Odorrana

The genus Odorrana is subordinated to the Raninae of Ranidae of the orderAnura of Amphibian. There are50species of the genus Odorrana in the world, theymainly distribute in the subtropical and tropical regions of the Asia. There are22species of the genus Odorrana in China, they distribute in Chinese Qinlin Mountain’ssouth, and there are9species in Yunnan. In the past, most of researches of theOdorrana focused on the morphological taxonomy and karyotype, there are fewresearches on the molecular systematic. Therefore, this thesis studied the speciesvalidity, taxonomic status, species group division and biogeography of some speciesof Odorrana based on molecular biology methods.The study take the Rana nigromaculata and Fejervarya limnocharis as outgroup,using Bayesian inference and maximum likeilood methods constructed thephylogenetic relationships of sixteen species of Odorrana based on associated genesequence of mitochondrial12SrRNA、16SrRNA and COI. The results showed that:(1)sixteen species of Odorrana formed a monophyletic group;(2) the Odorranarotodora and Odorrana macrotympana respectively formed a branch, the geneticdistance between the Odorrana rotodora、Odorrana macrotympana and their similarspecies was higher than the minimum genetic distance of interspecific. Therefore, theOdorrana rotodora、Odorrana macrotympana as valid species were supported.(3)the Odorrana tormotus、Odorrana chapaensis and Odorrana yizhangensisrespectively formed a branch, and formed a monophyletic group with the otherspecies of Odorrana, and combined their morphological characteristics, the Odorranatormotus、Odorrana chapaensis and Odorrana yizhangensis were divided into thegenus Odorrana were supported.(4) the O.macrotympana and O.tiannanensis formeda sister group, the O.rotodora and O.livida formed a sister group too, then two sistergroup formed a branch. Therefore, we support that divide the O.rotodora、O.macrotympana and O.tiannanensis into the Odorrana livida group.(5)theO.margaretae、O.wuchuanensis、O.yizhangensis and O.chapaensis combined withsome species of Odorrana andersonii group formed a branch, so we advise that dividethe O.margaretae、O.wuchuanensis、O.yizhangensis and O.chapaensis into theOdorrana andersonii group. Besides, this study use the Bayesian inference and maximum likeilood methodsreconstructed the phylogenetic relationships of different populations of Odorranalivida and Odorrana chloronota based on associated gene sequence of mitochondrial12SrRNA and16SrRNA. The results showed that:(1) the relationships was farbetween the Odorrana chloronota of Hongkong and Odorrana livida of China, so theOdorrana chloronota is a synonym of the Odorrana livida was not supported, andsupport the O.chloronota as a valid species.(2) Odorrana livida in Vietnam was firstlyseparated in BI tree, Odorrana livida and Odorrana chloronota in Southeast Asia andChina were secondly separated, and the haplotype diversity was high of differentgeographical populations of Odorrana livida and Odorrana chloronota in SoutheastAsia and China, their relationship was consistent with the geographic pattern.Therefore, we assume that the Odorrana livida maybe originated from the Vietnam.The ancestor of Odorrana livida maybe experienced the Himalaya Range upliftmovement and quaternary ice age, then spreaded to the south of Malaysia and theIndia’s Darjeeling. In China, the Odorrana livida spreaded to the north of Shanxiprovince, Zhejiang province and Hainan province, then formed the presentdistribution pattern.