Study On The Posttranscriptional And Posttranslational Ways And Means Of Differentiation In Planarians Tail Regeneration

Planarian has a strong ability to regenerate. Transverse planarians from the front of pharynx totwo sections, the front part of the regeneration of the wound after the missing segment, including skin,muscle and nerve, called planarians tail regeneration (PTR). After the wound portion of the regenerationsegment preceding the deletion, including skin, muscle, nerve, brain and the eye point, called planarianshead regeneration (PHR). Adult planarian regeneration are closely related to neoblasts. Neoblasts arewidely distributed in the base planarian body, through migration, proliferation, differentiation, tissueremodeling process is complete the planarian regeneration. Among them, the cell differentiation is the keyto the PTR, the process involves a variety of genes/proteins. Understand the ways and means of regulation,is to reveal the mechanisms necessary link. Therefore, this study established the model of PTR, withgenome microarray qualitative and quantitative analysis PTR gene expression abundance of species afterbeheaded0h,2h,6h,12h,24h,30h,36h,72h,120h and168h, based on the gene abundance ratio values.We found that the8470genes ratio values greater than control three times called up-regulated genes;1940genes ratio values less than the control of tripled called down-regulated genes;657genes at some timepoint up and some time point down, called up/down genes, a total of11067genes. For research themechanism for the reconstruction of tissue and organ and cell differentiation in PTR with proteome level,this study establishes PTR model, and extract the proteins. Two-dimensional electrophoresis withfluorescent (DIGE) and mass spectrometry (MS) qualitative and quantitative PTR protein expressionabundance of species, based on the protein abundance ratio values. Found that the1062proteins wereup-regulated;181proteins were down-regulated;151proteins were up/down, a total of1394proteins.Check the GO annotation showed that these genes/proteins are involved in33kinds of physiologicalactivities such as signal transduction and cell differentiation. Among them,560genes and52proteinsinvolved in signaling pathways of cell differentiation,1985genes and216proteins involved in celldifferentiation. Finally, network theory and methods to resolve gene/protein expression changes indicativeof physiological activity (Ep (t) value) found that NF-κB, BMP and p70S6K signaling pathway activitywas significantly higher than the control, they regulate skin cells differentiation activities at thecorresponding time was significantly higher than the control, indicating that these signaling pathways promote skin cell differentiation and skin reconstruction. TGF-β signaling pathway activity wassignificantly higher than the control, the activities it regulates muscle and nerve cell differentiationactivities at the corresponding time was significantly higher than the control, indicating that this pathwaypromotes muscle and nerve cell differentiation and muscle and nerve reconstruction. Wnt signalingpathway activity was significantly higher than the control, which regulates the activities of brain and visualcells differentiation activities at the corresponding time was significantly lower than the control,indicating that the inhibition of nerve and visual cell differentiation pathways and brain and eye pointreconstruction. In summary, NF-κB, BMP, p70S6K and TGF-β pathways promote skin, muscle and nervereconstruction in PTR by egulating cell differentiation. And Wnt pathway inhibites brain and eye pointreconstruction. This study examined the expression abundance of PTR related gene/protein with biologicalhigh-throughput technologies, bioinformatics and systems biology methods in the analysis of PTR relatedgene/protein and its expression changes in physiological activity indicates the strength, with networkanalysis method to study the mechanism of PTR gene/protein to further explore the mechanism of PTRprovided information.