Taxonomic Study On Typha Angustifolia Linn. And T. Angustata Bory Et Chaub. (Typhaceae)

The genus of Typha Linn, belongs to the family Typhaceae, with(12-)15-18 species in the world and 10-12 species in China where the most species have been recorded. T. angustifolia Linn.,T. angustata Bory et Chaub. and T. domingensis Pers. have the chaotic problem of classification and naming, which was puzzled by taxonomists:T. angustifolia Linn, and T. angustata Bory et Chaub. were respectively as separate species;or T. angustata Bory et Chaub. was the variation of T. angustifolia Linn.;or T. angustata Bory et Chaub. was the synonym of T. domingensis Pers.. At the present time, there are the defects in the systematic studies on micro-morphological characteristics of reproductive organs of these extremely similar species. Using the population conceptions and combining outdoor cultivation experiments, the synthesizing analyses of the main morphological characteristics of reproductive organs of T. angustifolia Linn, and T. angustata Bory et Chaub. were made by field observation, studying specimens and checking the related literature material.The main results were as follows:1. Pistillate bracteole of T. angustifolia Linn., equaling pistil hairs, was shorter than stigma; length of gynophore of female flowers was unequal to style, and that the style was usually shorter than gynophore; the proportion of stigma, pistillate bracteole and hairs of female flowers was relatively stable, but the variation amplitude of their length which was in a large extent, had degressive tendency in China from north to south; different variation patterns and variation amplitudes of stigmas, pistillate bracteole and the inserted form of hairs of female flowers were shown; male inflorescence had many scales which was broad-flat, forked frequently. The stigma and pistillate bracteole of T. angustata Bory et Chaub. were equal to hairs; length of gynophore of female flowers was unequal to style, and that the style was obviously shorter than gynophore; the proportion of stigma, pistillate bracteole and hairs of female flowers was relatively stable, but the variation amplitude of their length which was in a large extent, had no orderliness in China; the variation of stigmas, pistillate bracteole and the inserted form of hairs of female flowers resembled T. angustifolia Linn.; male inflorescence had few scales which was thin, white or snuff color, simple. Clustering analysis showed that morphological characteristics of reproductive organs of T. angustifolia Linn, had a certain differentiation in the center populations in north China and south China; micro-traits of reproductive organs of T. angustata Bory et Chaub. had a certain differentiation in the center populations in China, but the orderliness of differentiation in different region was not obvious.2. Micro-morphological characters of reproductive organs of T. angustata Bory et Chaub. showed no significant difference between the flooding and wet soil in cultivation experiment. It was explained that flooding and wet soil conditions had little impact on micro-morphological characters of reproductive organs of T. angustata Bory et Chaub.. The result also showed that the key taxonomic micro-indicators of reproductive organs of T. angustata Bory et Chaub. achieved synchronous stability in initial August, such as the proportion of stigma, pistillate bracteole and hairs of female flowers, and the proportion of gynophore and style.3. Based on checking the related literature material and studying specimens, the main differences of morphological characters and the geographical distribution of T. angustifolia Linn., T. angustata Bory et Chaub. and T. domingensis Pers. were compared. The idea which was that T. angustifolia Linn, and T. angustata Bory et Chaub. were respectively as separate species was supported in our studies.