The Research On Cluster Routing Algorithm In WSN Base On Node Battery Management

Many applications of WSN rely on energy of batteries. But it is often neglected that batteries are only regarded as simple energy reservoirs, and there are less study of energy-saving in batteries per se. The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of thousands of small and cheap sensor nodes. Each sensor node consists of a sensing device, a processor, a radio device and a small battery. In a typical sensor node, sensing device and processor draw a very small amount of constant power from the battery. But the radio device with an amplifier draws much higher power during the transmission and the reception of the packets. Hence, designing an energy efficient routing protocol is paramount to improve the lifetime of the WSN. Considering energy-saving, two aspect works are done in this paper.1,we study energy optimization of nodes. We empirically analyze battery recovery effect and propose a Markov chain model with saturation threshold and random sensing activities. Next, we carry out comparative studies about duty cycle of one-hop networks and band buffering, and adequately demonstrate that the usage of duty cycle and buffering prolong the usage lifetime of battery. We then extend our study to multi-hop sensor networks, where each sensor node can monitor and incept the sensing data for neighbouring nodes. There requires a coordination scheme among the duty cycle sensor nodes, such that each sensor node can be discover if neighbouring nodes are active. In order to resolve above scheme, we correct the pseudo-random sequence duty cycle and take advantage of saturation threshold of battery recovery. In addition, we extend the pseudo-random sequence scheme, and propose a simple scheme where a sensor will be forced to sleep for a period of time within the saturation threshold.2,adequately considering that nodes work by pulsed uniform discharge, we propose a new Routing protocol, namely Clustering-Battery Aware Routing (C-BAR) protocol. This protocol provide pulsed uniform discharge to the most extend, which cause that nodes with the higher remaining capacities are chosen as the cluster heads. Simulations show that C-BAR can improve the lifetime of the WSN up to 3 times over than that of the WSN using the LEACH protocol.