Research On Wireless Sensor Network Routing Protocol Base On Ant Colony Optimization

Wireless sensor network is a novel technology about acquiring and processing information, which is composed of a mess of sensor nodes to achieve the mission of information gathering, targeted surveillance and sensing the environment. In virtue of characteristics of low-power, low-cost, distribution and self-organization, WSN will have very wide application prospects in lots of fields.Wireless sensor nodes are often deployed in harsh environments, so energy supply has always been an important issue in WSN research. Due to the constraint of hardware resource and the dynamic character of WSN, it is a complex problem of combinatorial optimization to design WSN routing protocol. In this paper, wireless sensor network routing protocols have been studied by analyzing and comparing advantages and disadvantages of several mainstream routing protocols. Furthermore, based on the theory of ant colony optimization, wireless sensor networks routing protocols is proposed.Taking both the overall energy consumption and node residual energy into consideration, Wireless sensor networks routing protocol that is designed with the theory of ant colony optimization could determine the next-hop with probability method. Reverse ants could correct the routing in time, which can effectively solve the problem of network nodes shifts and failures. With the help of retrenching the size of ant package and data fusion, we can further reduce the energy consumption in communication. The probabilistic characteristic of ant colony optimization makes the algorithm possess a good robustness and scalability. In this paper, the experiments that algorithm was simulated by ns2 and compared with LEACH protocol were conducted. Experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the energy consumption of network traffic, extend the network lifetime, suit to large-scale networks.