Design Of Solid State Disk Controller With SATA Interface

As the development of computer communication, storges are used in more and more fields, but the traditional mechanical hard disk, shows disadvantages of low anti-seism capability, high power consumption and hard lifting speed etc. Solid state hard disk, a new generation of hard disk with the semiconductor technology which is the solution to the problem of data storage, has a lot of features such as high earthquake resistance, wide temperature range, reliable and the energy conservation. In response to this problem, this paper is discussing about the design of Solid State Disk controller with SATA interface.This paper illuminates the development of hard disk technology firstly, analyzes the present technique status of Solid State Drive as well as its developing trend which indicate the meaning of the study. Then it set a brief introduction to main content for this paper. In the hardware design of system, studies the SATA protocol and the characteristics of NAND FLASH chip, present a general blueprint for the system design based on SOPC. All functions are completed by a single FPGA. The design set MicroBlaze embedded processor soft-core as the main controller. Next, designs of SATA controller IP core and NAND FLASH controller IP core with Verilog HDL language. The SATA controller accord to SATA1.0 procotol as a high-speed serial transfer interface which is divided into four models. NAND FLASH controller manages NAND FLASH chip arrays, and converted NAND FLASH interface into common SRAM interface, so as to improve access efficiency. NAND FLASH controller completes storage operations and error correction algorithms, achieves the data storage and data reading. In the software design of system, every flow are described with C language, deal with the command and data according to the protocol of SATA ,and design management of NAND Flash according to the physics properties of NAND Flash, achieving the purpose of bad block management and wear leveling by two steps of address map, recycling dirty block according to the number of dirty page and transfer the static information according to the time mark. This design could provide the hard disk controller with NAND Flash storage system, and could storage data easily and quickly without regard to the physical character of NAND .At the end of this paper, the module and system are tested and to verify, then introduce the test method and test instrument, Finally gets the experimental achievements and reaches the conclusion through analyzing. The design of Solid State Drive controller in this paper, with the characteristics of simple architecture, good reliability, easy to upgrade and the re-development, is the key technology to realize Solid State Drive and solid state storage system.