The Research Of Two Dimensional Photonic Crystal Devices Based On The Interference Of Self-collimation Beams

The properties of multifarious dispersion and strong anisotropy in photonic crystals (PhCs) provide novel mechanisms to control the flow of light on a very small dimension scale compatible with the operating wavelength, which leads to many abnormal phenomena of physics and plays important rolls in miniature integrated optical devices. During the period of theoretical research coming into practice, various photonic crystal devices have been developed one after another.In this thesis, four novel two dimensional photonic crystal devices have been proposed and designed based on the dispersion properties by using MEEP, a free FDTD simulation software package developed by MIT. And their potential applications in optics communication and photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have been investigated. Our design and simulated results provide some indications for developing high-density PICs devices based on self-collimation effect.The main research works and conclusions are as following:1. An asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on self-collimation effect is designed, and the transmission spectra is analyzed using numerical method. The transmission spectra from two output ports are in the shape of sinusoidal curves in the self-collimated frequency range and they are approximately complementary. The transmission spectrum shifts to lower frequencies with the increase of the length difference between the two interferometer branches. This may provide potential applications in wavelength division demultiplexers or interleavers.2. A self-collimation Michelson interferometer is designed and the transmission spectra are analyzed numerically. When the length difference between the two interferometer branches is increased, the transmission spectrum shifts to lower frequencies and the peak frequency spacing decreases nonlinearly. This proves the transmission can be designed to meet various application demands in PICs and thus such interferometer may work as an interleaver or an attenuator.3. A Fabry-Perot interferometer based on self-collimation effect is designed and the transmission spectrum is numerically analyzed. From the change of transmission spectra, a conclusion is drawn that two factors influence the transmission spectra: the length of the resonant cavity and the reflectivity of the reflectors. The analyses of transmission spectra prove the interferometer can work as a filer.4. A RI sensor based on a Michelson interferometer is designed by self-collimation effect. For broad frequency light beam, its transmission spectrum demonstrates that when the refractive index in the sense region is increased, the transmission spectrum shifts to lower frequencies. As a result, the maximum sensitivity of the sensor reaches 120nm/RIU. The simulated performance of the sensor can be realized by the incidence of single frequency light.Highlights of the thesis are as following: Based on self-collimation effect, two dimensional photonic crystal asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer, Michelson interferometer, Fabry-Perot interferometer and Michelson sensor are proposed and designed for the first time, to our knowledge. And their transmission spectra and influencing factors are investigated, which result in the analyses of potential applications of these devices in PICs.