Au Nano Rods Enhance Amperemeter Enzyme Biosensor

Electrochemical biosensors, which combine the specific recognition of biomaterials with magnifying electrochemical signals, have the advantages of high-sensitivity, nice-selectivity, as well as easy miniaturization and automation. They can be applied to a wide range of analytical fields, such as bioassay, environmental monitoring and industrial analysis. Along with the fast development of economy, people's living standard enhancement and old population's increase, the incidence rate of diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease assumes obvious escalation trend, which drawing more and more attention of the general researcher on related material's online examination. Therefore, the development this kind of sensor's duty is even more pressing. The immobilization enzyme directly affects the biosensor performance, such as natural life, sensitivity and selectivity. At present, many immobilization enzyme methods have been developed, and nano- materials are one of the most prospect methods in the future.Nanomaterials have special structure which bring in many interesting physical and chemical properties, such as the surface effect, the volume effect, the quantum size effect, the macroscopic quantum tunnel effect and so on. Therefore contrast with traditional solids, nanomaterials own many excellent performances, and have attracted numerous researcher's interests to bring nanomaterials into biosensor systems. The development of electro- chemistry biosensor is the overlap between the nanometer science and technology and the life science, one can study the relationship between the target molecule with its function on molecular level, also can resolve the basic problems in the analytic field of biomedicine and environment and develop novel technology and new methodsCompared with the traditional ones, a new type of biosensor based on nano- technology has shown better performance. With sub-micron size, transducer, nano-or micro-probe system, the chemical and physical properties of biosensors and its detection sensitivity for biological molecules or cells were substantially improved. The response time can be shortened and high throughput and real-time detection analysis can be achieved. Although now the use of zero-dimensional nanomaterials is popular, it is still rare for the study of one-dimensional materials. It is a hot issue to study the one-dimensional nano- material which has two limited dimensions. It has many new features, such as optical switching effect, thermoelectric effect, piezoelectric effect, sensitive effect, particularly in the area of biosensors.This paper will combine the theory and methods of biochemistry, nanotechnology, and analytical chemistry, to develop new type of nano-materials and nano-modified electrode (electrochemical biosensor), construct a series of new biosensor based on Au nanorods.In this paper, the glucose biosensor and the choline biosensor were separately prepared from the assembly - crossing linking - adsorption - embedding method. The gold rods were used as fix agent and glutaraldehyde were bifunctional crosslinking reagent. Gold nanorods can raise the immobilized enzyme activity and stability by directly electronic transmission between electode and the enzyme and opened up a new way of minimizing biosensor. By the measurement of cyclic voltammetry, current, electrochemical impedance, and other means, the initial effects of nanotechnology in the immobilized enzyme were explored in the role. And the biosensor performance was characterized by the appropriate experimental conditions and the possible mechanism of conductivity was discussed. The enhancement mechanism was studied from the surface effects, electrical conductivity, chemical activity, catalytic activity of nanoparticles. And the available experimental and theoretical basis for nano-enhanced novel electrode biosensor was supplied.