Landscape Pattern And Driving Force Of Mount Qomolangma Nature Conservation

Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve is located in junction of China's Tibet Autonomous Region and Kingdom of Nepal, it is the protection of mountain ecosystems,the plateau in the history of the natural landscape and monuments,mainly of Tibetan historical and cultural heritage integrated protected areas.In this paper, to study the region of Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve, in landscape ecology and related disciplines theory, with the support of the help of "3 S", to two hours of remote sensing image as the main research data, with the region of Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve Characteristics and study the regional landscape pattern and the evolution of an in-depth analysis of the system, the purpose is to reveal the study area landscape pattern changes, the impact analysis of the evolution of the natural landscape pattern driving factors and human driving factor, further understanding of the Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve Development of the entire landscape, Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve and the protection of the ecological assessment on issues such as the foundation for the Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve and National Nature Reserve in the sustainable development of important guiding significance.Based on 1986 and 2000 land-based multi-band satellite remote sensing image as the main research data, with the regional characteristics of Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve, in the geographic information system technology, with the support of the establishment of landscape classification system and interpret the signs, the Mount Qomolangma Nature Conservation Area and the type of area of investigation.By using the indexes of the landscape pattern: landscape diversity index, landscape dominance index, landscape fragmentation index and so on, this article presents the dynamic change.Through research results show that: In 1986 to 2000, in the the study area, the size of each type of landscape are in the corresponding changes, but through the point of overall landscape, the landscape pattern occurred in the stable development of the basic state, very small changes, landscape fragmentation has not increased. Through the point of single landscape, in the wetland landscape permanent glaciers reduced the size, the area of canals and lakes have increased.In the woodland landscape ,the whole Woodland landscape's area had increased; In the grassland landscape,the area of the coverage of grass and low coverage of grassland reduction and high grass coverage area of increasing; In the desert landscape, although the sandy's area reduced, but Uncovered Rock Shili's area and saline-alkali soil's area has increased. The impact of changes in the landscape pattern analysis that the driving force: through the point of overall pattern from the landscape, the landscape pattern on the overall regional stability are the results of humane factor in the larger policy-related relations and the Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve unique geographical environment. And from a single type of landscape, the permanent ice and snow of the increase is closely related to global warming, woodland landscape of the increase and grassland in the degradation of relations with the humanities, desertification is not only natural factor in climate and precipitation-related, but also factor in the humanities and human activities. Results from the study that, at all levels of government and international friends of common concern, the Mount Qomolangma Nature Reserve as a National Nature Reserve, still in a state of continuous development and stability. Currently, the measures for grassland degradation and desertification phenomenon and and the management of protected areas programmes are practical and can continue to implement it.