Ant-Colony Based Routing Protocol Of WSN

Wireless Sensor network (WSN) is a new research area of computer science and technology. It consists of the convergence of sensor, micro-electro-mechanism system and network technologies and will have a variety of applications in the future. Since the sensors with limited battery energy, the routing in Wireless Sensor network must be energy efficient in order to prolong the lifetime of the network. This paper proposed an ant-colony based routing algorithm of WSN for the problem of cluster-heads distributed uneven and transmitting to sink node directly.The algorithm selects the cluster-heads based on energy. Using the characteristics of ant algorithm, including easy to be realized, supporting multi-path, the cluster-heads exchange the information of its distance and remaining energy with its neighborhood. Then the distance and remaining energy of the neighborhood are integrated into the computation of pheromone concentration. Finally the data packet will choose its next hop with probability, which is computed on the basis of pheromone value.Finally, this paper simulated the new algorithm using NS2. The results of simulation show that the algorithm has better characteristic in average energy dissipated and prolonging network lifetime than LEACH.