A Location-Information Based Routing Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Networks

With the rapid development in MEMS-based sensor technology,embedded computing and low-power wireless communications,wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become a very hot research topic.Since sensor nodes have stringent limitations on energy,computation,communication and memory capabilities,how to save the energy of the sensors in order to prolong the lifetime of the whole network is a challenging issue.Routing is one of the most important functions in WSNs.In this paper,we focus on designing energy-efficient routing protocols in large-scale WSNs.This thesis firstly presents an innovative distributed multicast routing algorithm for WSNs which is on the basis of the nodes'location information. The main ideas of this new algorithm are the followings: at first, it forms clusters according to nodes'location information distributedly. And then, by using ant algorithm, every cluster head distributedly obtains the optimal path of the minimal total hops from itself to the destination nodes. Finally, after having collected and aggregated the related data in its own cluster, every cluster head sends the aggregated data to the destination nodes separately along its selected optimal paths. Theoretic analysis and simulation results show that the new algorithm is energy efficient and has good routing performances.This thesis then presents"a Local Location Update-based Routing Protocol in WSNs",LLURP for short. When the sink node moves,it only needs to broadcast its location information within a local area rather than among the whole network.Both theoretical analysis and simulation studies show that it consumed less energy and decreased the collisions in wireless transmissions,which can be used in large-scale WSNs.