| 3-d measurement and visualization of the cranium is one of the most important content in the research of human morphology. It is widely used not only in anthropology, history, and art, but also in orthodontics, plastic surgery, and forensic medicine.Financed by the Technology Innovation Project of Shaan xi Province, 3-d reconstruction of the cranium, 3-d measurement of face and interactive plastic surgery emulate and prediction have been researched in this paper, and a series of software have been developed. The main work is as follows:The method based on computer vision is adopted in the 3-d reconstruction of cranium. An approach of pasting the lead granules on the face of a patient and reconstructing the face through the correlated vision is used. Then the 3-d cranium model is constructed by subtracting the thickness of soft tissue from the face model. The whole system consists of image pre-processing, feature point recognition, matching, texture mapping, animation, and 3-d measurement. Only the X-ray machine, adhesive tapes with lead granules and M-ultrasonograph are needed. The experiment demonstrates that this approach is effective and of high precision. Compared with the method based on CT, it has three remarkable advantages: low radiation, economical and good in popularization. In addition, a new point matching algorithm based on position similarity is present in the paper to solve the problem of corresponding matching.3-d face data collection is realized by the 3-d laser scanner in 3-d measurement. With the joint of modern laser scanning technique and Farkas direct measurement method of cranium, 3-d measurement software is developed. It can measure all the clinical measurement items through PC.Avirtual plastic surgery and prediction system based on double-layer finite element model is developed. This system can emulate two basic bone fracture surgeries and predict the soft tissue deformation after operation. In addition, it has the self-learning function. |
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