Research On Optical Network On Chip Based On Multistage Interconnection Network

Future applications indicate that electrical interconnect will be highly inefficient in electronic-based NoC due to continuously shrinking feature sizes, higher clock frequencies and increasing power. Integrated optical interconnect can overcome the issues of speed and power and provide much higher bandwidth, lower power consumption, decreased delay and resistance to electromagnetic interference. On-chip optical interconnect is believed to be a good solution to replace the electrical interconnect. The multistage interconnection network has no cycle in topology and can avoid deadlock, so we focus on designing the Optical Network on Chip architecture based on multistage interconnection network.We first summarize the development of Network on Chip and the interconnect methods. Then we introduce the function of the main integrated components related to optical interconnects on chip, and study some proposed optical interconnected network based on multistage interconnection network. We use low dimensional optical switching elements to design Benes ONoC and propose a partially adaptive routing algorithm and an improved distributed routing algorithm for Benes ONoC. Through a simulator, we evaluate the performance of proposed routing algorithms. The results demonstrate that the new routing algorithms can obtain better performance.Furthermore, we design high dimensional optical router using low dimensional optical switching elements. Then a new Optical Network on Chip architecture called CNoC is proposed. Also we adopt the concept of cluster to design another Optical Network on Chip named Crystal. The topology, floorplan and routing strategy are considered for CNoC and Crystal. At last, we apply a simulator OPNET to construct models of CNoC and Crystal and evaluate the network performance. We compare CNoC with a mesh-based and another Clos(8,8,8)-based ONoC architecture. The results show that, CNoC has the lower delay and higher network throughput under different offered loads and various packet sizes. Through different traffic models, we prove that the cluster help Crystal to obtain the best performance when compared with 2Dmesh-based and Cmesh-based ONoC.