A Study On The "Self - Protection" Strategy Of Rongmei Tusi In The Late Ming And Early Qing Dynasties

In the Tusi period, Tujia minority areas there is a size of dozens of Tusi, In which Rongmei Tusi dominating the party, powerfully and had great influence. The ancient name of Rongmei Tusi was Rongmi,also called Zhexi. From the establishment of Huangsha Qianhu Suo in the Yuan Zhi Zheng three years(AD 1310), to Rong Mei Xuanwei Si bureaucratization of native officers in Yong Zheng thirteen years(AD 1735), went through 425 years.Previous studies focused on Rongmei Tusi’s rise and fall and related system research more,and the chaos in the incident in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty it how to seek "Self-protection" foreign policy research is few. This paper on the basis of previous studies, this paper, based on documents and archives, to seek "Self-protection" strategy research, trying to the research have certain extension.In the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, the living environment of Rongmei Tusi is very bad, then it is in the Ming Dynasty to decline perish, qingjunruguan gradually unified the situation changes. And appears briefly Dashun Daxi peasant regime, Nan Ming Dynasty, Wu Sangui regime, they in order to compete for the right to rule set off a decades long war, the survival constitute a great threat. This is of vital importance in the chaos, Rongmei Tusi skillfully finally survive in troubled times. Thanks to its "self preservation" strategy.Rongmei Tusi "self preservation" strategy mainly includes with the surrounding forces of "cooperation" and "opposition". Rongmei Tusi in order to obtain the "self" and the Ming Dynasty and Nan Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, Wu Sangui regime established relationship. But with the development of the situation, the strength of the parties change, it changed the Nan Ming Dynasty, the peasant army forces, Wu Sangui regime antagonistic to each other.Rongmei Tusi in order to protect themselves, according to the current situation changes constantly adjust its foreign strategy. The reason is it adjust its foreign policy, there are three main points: one is maintaining its own interests, the preservation of their own family life, it is the basic reason for the adjustment of foreign policy; secondly, Rongmei Tusi advocated by Confucian orthodoxy influence, especially in the " Unification of orthodoxy ”and" The debate of Hua Yi”, is the impact of Rongmei Tusi treatment between the forces of the diplomatic strategy is another important reason; thirdly, changing incident chaos among the military force, is an important factor affecting its survival, therefore, changes in the strength of other military forces, has become the choice of Rongmei chieftain with the " cooperation " or " opposition " must consider the important reasons. Anyway, in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, had taken Rongmei Tusi was in chaos "cooperation" or "opposition" foreign policy, in order to seek "Self-protection" survival. The research can not only deepen the content of its research and has certain reference value to the research of other chieftains survival strategy at the same time.