On The Revelation And Decline Of The Chinese In The Northern Dynasty

In early human society when the science was less flourished, the Shamans could see the ghost and god that went widespread around the world. The Shamans in the Northern Dynasties is the main research target, and through the study of historical documents and archaeological data analysis, this paper probes into the cause of tortuous development of Shamans group’s political status in the Northern Dynasties, in hope of revealing the characteristics of the reciprocal relationship between the Hanization and Xianbei in the Northern Dynasty.In this paper,the main content is the changes of political status of the Shamans in the Northern Dynasties. The first chapter of the thesis is to trace the faith of Xianbei Witchcraft and illustrate the existence of the primitive Wu faith of Xianbei tribe and the Shamans; The second chapter divides the Northern Wei Dynasty into two parts, the earlier stage and middle-later stage, and discuss them respectively. In the early stage, affected by Xianbei’s original faith, Shamans’s position is higher. However, with the reinforced localization of Tuoba regime, Shamans’s political status declined, and was excluded from the mainstream; The third chapter discusses the Shamans in the Northern Qi Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Due to the ruler’s deviation between the Han and Xianbei, the political status of Shamans is different, with the Northern Qi Dynasty rulers believing in Shamans, and Northern Zhou Dynasty rulers believing not. The fourth chapter discusses the Shamans in the Sui Dynasty. Under the unifying situation, the confrontation between the Han and Xianbei gradually collapsed, and the Shamans’s political status improved in this period, yet had not completely returned to the center of the Northern Wei Dynasty. The cause of this pattern on the one hand, is affected by the Northern Dynasty tribal culture, on the other hand is also the result of the long heritage of the Han culture; The fifth chapter mainly discusses the belief in ghosts and gods in folk, analyzes the role of the folk Shamans and how citizens use the witchcraft, and explores the interaction between the Hanization and Xianbei in the issues of folk witchcraft faith; Through research, the author gives the following conclusions:first of all, in the ethnic fusion time of the Northern Dynasty, Shamans community has its particularity compared with the Han’s regime. In the whole Northern Dynasties, Hanization and Xianbei exist at the same time. When the Hanization becomes the mainstream and xianbei is placed to a secondary position, Shamans is generally excluded from the political center. When the Xianbei becomes the mainstream, Shamans’s positions is relatively higher. The Shamans group goes up and down following the developing trends of the Hanization and Xianbei; Secondly, the Northern Dynasties witchcraft faith never vanished, and Shamans’s functionality is diverse, which has been applied in people’s production and life.