| Attachment is the first individual interpersonal experience. Parenting experience help individual gradually form "internal working models", which subconsciously work and influence individuals to look at information, explain life events and further processing information. From the perspective of cognitive studies of adult attachment, it may reflect "internal working models" how to influence different types of adult attachment individual to lead to different attention bias when faced different interpersonal information. Faced with negative information, different attachment styles individuals may adopt different strategies. Secure individuals will adopt primary attachment policy, and insecure attachment individuals will adopt the secondary attachment.Research Objective:This study aims to investigate the internal mechanisms of attentional bias to different interpersonal information of different adult attachment individual, as well as training of subjects with attentional bias to negative stimulus.Research Methods:Experiment 1:A 4 (group:adults attachment styles)×3 (type of the word:positive, negative, neutral) mixed-design Experiment was conducted. And this study used positive interpersonal words, negative interpersonal words and neutral interpersonal words as experimental materials. A dot-probe paradigm was conducted to investigate the change of attentional bias to different interpersonal words.Experiment 2:A 4 (group:adults attachment styles)x3 (type of the word:positive, negative, neutral)x2(cue:valid, invalid) mixed-design Experiment was conducted. And this study used the words of experiment 1 as experimental materials. A cue-target paradigm was conducted to investigate the change of attentional bias mechanism to different interpersonal words.Experiment 3:A 2 (group:attentional bias training group, control group)x2(time: pretest, posttest) mixed-design Experiment was conducted. And this study used the words of experiment 1 as experimental materials and the participants of experiment 1 as subjects. A dot-probe paradigm was to be the training method.Research Results:(1) Both secure individuals and dismissing avoidant individuals have no attentional bias to different interpersonal information(F(2;42)=0.02,p>0.05; F(2,46)=1.95,p>0.05).Both preoccupied individuals and fearful avoidant individuals have attentional bias to negative interpersonal information (p<0.05).(2) Individuals response to the target stimulus under the valid cue were significant faster than under the invalid cue (F(1,96)=18.07,p<0.001).Under the valid cue, preoccupied individuals response to negative interpersonal information are faster than to neutral interpersonal information (p<0.05). Under the invalid cue, Fearful avoidant individuals response to negative interpersonal information were slower than to neutral interpersonal information (p<0.05).(3) For the attentional bias group, the standard score of negative location in the posttest was significant smaller than in the pretest(t=2.62,p<0.05).For the control group, the standard score of negative location in the posttest was smaller than in the pretest(t=2.05,p>0.05),but there was no significant differences.Research Conclusion:(1)Individuals with attentional bias of different interpersonal information were influenced of adult attachment styles.(2) Secure individuals and dismissing avoidant individuals have no attentional bias to different interpersonal information. Preoccupied individuals with attentional bias of negative interpersonal information was due to attention attentional alerting. Fearful avoidant individuals with attentional bias of negative interpersonal information was due to attention attentional maintenance.(3)It indicated that attentional bias training could reduce the attentional bias of preoccupied individuals to the negative information. |
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