| In 1757, the Qing emperor Qianlong completely calmed the junggar insurgency, and named the land "Xinjiang". In 1759, the Qing government to pacify the size and rebellion, from the Xinjiang region of bazaar settlement has entered a period of steady development. Because of the "tianshan" mountain in Xinjiang throughout north and south, since ancient times is divided into southern and northern Xinjiang. Southern Xinjiang region for Uighur community, local residents will be more fair called bazaar, is an important part in the trading goods, dissemination of information. The development of southern Xinjiang region bazaar settlement and formation, growth and decline can be roughly divided into three stages, revival and prosperity. According to the information we have, through to study the evolution of bazaar settlement development in southern Xinjiang bazaar settlement analysis for the region, causes the process of evolution, the layout feature and its causes, then analysis the market settlement of regional position and role in the development of society.This article is divided into three parts, five chapters, of which the first part is the first chapter, mainly discuss southern Xinjiang region of natural environment, social economy, make matting for expansion of below.The second part is the second, three, four chapters, this paper mainly discusses the Qing dynasty to the period of the republic of China southern Xinjiang region development situation and the reasons, fair settlement layout characteristics and the cause of such a layout. Qing dynasty to the period of the republic of China in southern Xinjiang bazaar settlement is roughly experienced appear, growth, prosperity, decline and renewal, and show different characteristics of each stage, it is necessary to discuss the reason of bazaar settlement performance in different stages. Growth and development of bazaar settlement are internal cause, external causes; There are also natural reasons, human factors, There are positive factors and negative factors. Therefore, we analyze the causes from many aspects, multi-angle, all-round, in stages to discuss. Involved in the cause of the southern Xinjiang region in Qing dynasty fair settlement development should not only see the advantage of Xinjiang province, the use of single currency, the development of agricultural reclamation, business group, also cannot ignore the destruction of war, Russia and Britain, to encroach on the economy of Xinjiang; Fair settlement during the period of the republic of China for the development of favorable factors mainly stable political situation. The disadvantage is the plague, disease happens. Southern Xinjiang region is located in the Asia-Europe continental interior, is a typical temperate continental climate, annual rainfall, so the fair settlement layout must first consider the factor of water source, and the layout of the bazaar settlement also inevitably will be affected by the traffic, the influence of the political, economic, business, etc. As for its layout causes, we should from the bazaar settlement layout features to analyze.The third part is the fifth chapter, this paper discusses mainly the southern Xinjiang region market settlement in regional position and function in the development of society. Fair settlement of social and economic development play a positive role, it is because the market the development of the settlement, the increase of trade, to lay the material foundation for the rapid development of economy. At the same time, the development of bazaar plays an important role in strengthening the communication fields (areas, in political, economic, cultural, and other aspects. Finally, the development of bazaar settlement promoted the modernization of southern Xinjiang region, the mainland business group into the trade in Xinjiang, bring new ideas to the local, the new production, life style, southern Xinjiang regional differences with the mainland has narrowed.Finally as the conclusion part, the evolution of Qing dynasty to the southern region of the republic of China fair settlement is a dynamic process, roughly experienced the emergence of the early Qing dynasty, the Qing dynasty later period of growth and development, and prosperity of three stages during the period of the republic of China. Uniform distribution of in southern Xinjiang, the relatively concentrated, therefore has the obvious layout characteristics. The cause of the southern Xinjiang region market settlement layout mainly involves water, political, economic, military, religion, factors such as transportation, one of the most important factors for water. Market growth and development of settlements in southern Xinjiang area is under the influence of various factors, some favorable factors, also have adverse factors, the positive factors of leading role. Fair settlement development has a certain influence on the whole southern Xinjiang region, has an important position and role. |
