Interregional Immigrants And Environmental Changes In The Middle Tongzi River Basin In

A case study of mountainous areas immigrants and environmental change in Yunnan province this paper, by Mark Elvin, Yuda Yang proposed "small basin" as the theoretical basis of research unit on the southwest mountains.The author selected Caozi River Basin as the object of study in E’shan county through applying historical documents, field survey and social investigation, inscriptions literature collection etc. to get useful and supportive materials. And analyzed internal mechanism and process of mountainous areas immigrants and the environmental change from village’s production and life style and cultural behavior in the long period, and which analyzed environment perception, environmental experience and cultural reaction about environment in order to more comprehensive and detailed understanding profundity and complexity of migration and the environment interaction in mountainous area.The first part of this paper mainly immigrants theoretical thinking, detailed definition of interregional migration, a mountainous area immigrant concepts, and expounds the process of immigrant of the Yanhe village. On this basis, the author analysis the theory of migration process of the impact on the environment. The relationship of mountainous village immigrant production life and the change of natural environment from the economic behavior of migrants. Because of increasing the local ethnic population, the immigrants moved to the mountainous areas and the middle of mountainous areas. They brought the local production and life style, and through the establishment of natural villages, farmland development, improvement of agricultural technology, water conservancy construction, continue to create a new mountainous landscape. They were renovated the mountainous environment,and at the same time the environment had been changing and affecting the migration of production and life style, and sounded the alarm of environmental deterioration. The last part of this paper had studied mountainous area immigrant culture and environment interaction of the profound and complex from cultural dimension. The immigrants often transplant customs and cultural activities of the river valley areas into the mountainous area, realizing the immigrant groups and local people to get along. When forced to promote Confucian culture, The Han culture had undergone intermittent period in mountainous villages. Dominated by Confucianism of Han culture turn from a guest into a host and then occupied the dominant position until the end of the Qing dynasty. The interregional immigrants played an important role, especially the local elites played a mainstay role.Through the above elaboration, we found that the environment also affects the migration in the process of immigration reform the environment. Any production and life style, cultural behavior was a product of the interaction of immigrants and the environment. The development of mountainous areas in Caozi river basin was the first process of trough, indigenous people change the environment, and at the same time, adapt to the environment of the aboriginal changing process, interregional immigrants, in just three hundred years time, had greatly changed the local ecological landscape, which evolved from the riverside forest landscape became Farmland--Settlement--forest staggered agricultural landscape. Widely spread and development in the basin of the Han culture to Confucian culture as the core, to promote people’s cultural behavior towards the "development pattern of Chinese", formed a unique artificial environment. In short, whether it is the deterioration of the natural environment, or human environment change, they were major change after interregional immigrants moved to mountainous ares.