"From X To Y" Structure Study

"Cong X Dao Y" is a very characteristic syntactic structure in Modern Chinese, it is also a kind of grammar form that we use it frequently. In this paper,the auther made a comprehensive research on the "Cong X Dao Y" structure from three aspects of syntactic semantic meaning and second language acquisition.It contains three parts."Cong X Dao Y" structure is made up of constant "Cong","to" and variable "X","Y". Because of the different part of speech of "Dao","Cong X Dao Y" can be divided into combined structure and attributive structure. Variable "X","Y" on the syllable can be shown as a single syllable,double syllables or more syllables, they can be characterized by symmetric or not in form. Described that X can not be exchanged with Y in the combined structure of the "Cong X Dao Y" structure,and they always express the static property, however, the situation of the "Cong X Dao Y" structure is opposite. The combined "Cong X Dao Y" and the attributive structure "Cong X Dao Y" can be used as subject, predicate, object, attribute and adverbial."Cong X Dao Y" structure’s semantic generalizing from the high level,can be divided into two categories:space and time relationship. The meaning of "X","Y" generally is symmetric, but it also have asymmetric situation, discribed that "X","Y" can not allocate arbitrarilly."Cong X Dao Y" structure-the combined "Cong X Dao Y" and the attributive structure "Cong X to Y"-exist many differences on semantic meaning and expression."Cong X Dao Y" structure also exist potential ambiguity structure. Attributive structure is generally a point-line expression structure while combined structure is either a point-surface expression structure or a point-line expression structure.But when "Cong X Dao Y" express those two structure at one time,the ambiguity appears.In addition to the typical basic form,there are some variant styles of this structure.It contains two categories:deformation and variant forms,they can often play a emphatic role.To investigate the acquisition of "Cong X Dao Y" structure by foreigner, the auther collected HSK dynamic library on "Cong X Dao Y" corpus on syntactic and semantic meaning, found that foreign students made little mistakes in the use of "Cong X Dao Y" structure. We illustrated the reasons on that condition and put forward corresponding teaching suggestions.