On Rawls' S Prerequisite To Two Kinds Of Form

Rawls was one of the greatest western political philosophers andethicists in the West since20th century, whose "A Theory of Justice"caused the tremendous response in the West. Rawls’s justice theory cancause so much in the western world, the most important reason is that hehad re-established the status of right taking precedence over good throughcriticizing of the utilitarianism and perfectionism. Focus in the studyof this paper is that how Rawls established the priority, and what aretwo forms in the theory of Rawls——the priority of right over goodness?To profoundly understand two forms of Rawls’s "the priority of rightover goodness ", at first according to the western liberalism you needto understand what are the concept of "right" and the concept of "goodness"and how the concept of "right" isolated from the concept of "goodness"and why "the priority of right over goodness " will become an importantsymbol of telling the modern ethics from ancient ethics and so on. Throughthe understanding of these problems, we see that Rawls used thetransformed contract theory through setting up the basic structure ofsociety,and set up the veil of ignorance in the original situation, usedthe rules of maximin rule, finally deduced the right theory that the twojustice principles. However, the reasoning of right principles and thereasonable application in practice are closely related to the goodnesstheory. Therefore, to truly understanding and mastering the theory ofRawls’s the priority of right over good, we need to fully understand thebasic content and composition of Rawls’s theory of goodness.After understanding the basic content of Rawls’s right theory andgoodness theory, we see that the fair justice theory which Rawls had built up in the process of comparison to utilitarianism had demonstrated thatthe first form of the priority of right over goodness. There are two kindsof conditions of the priority of right over goodness: the first conditionis the first principle of the justice theory priors to the secondprinciple,and the first part in the internal of the second principlepriors to the second part; in the comparison his theory and utilitarianism,Rawls also discussed another prioritiy condition in the internal of rightprinciple, namely the priority of right over goodness. At the same time,Rawls concluded that the second kind of right priority is neutralityprinciple of the country through the definition of perfectionism and thecomparison of perfectionism and its right principle.In Rawls’s theory, the two forms of "the priority of right overgoodness" is inseparable, and he relates the priority principle in theinternal of right principle in the internal of right principle withnational neutrality organically. But whether the priority principle inthe internal of right principle or the country neutrality principle arecriticized by Liberalism and Communitarianism, include Nozick Hart,Shiraz and Sander. From those criticism of the tow forms of the priorityof right over goodness Rawls proposed and the priority principle, we seethat the social justice problem is one of the coreproblem discussed incontemporary political philosophy. For now under the diversifieddevelopment and globalized situation, how the Chinese society deal withthe social justice problem has the vital significance.