The Research And Implementation Of Motion Estimation In Video Coding

With the development and popularization of computer and network technology, video technology has been widely applied to various applications and plays a more and more important role in current information society. Therefore, real time video encoding has become a hot research field. As the main part, motion estimation accounts for about 50 to 80 percent of the whole encoding computation, so it is the most challenging research topic in video encoding.Block matching motion estimation is relatively simple and can be easily realized, and is adopted by current international video coding standards. As the most direct and simplest motion estimation algorithm, full search has much high computation complexity and is difficult to be integrated into real time video encoding systems. Many fast block matching methods have been proposed to decrease computation load. All kinds of block matching motion estimation algorithms are summarized and classified in this paper. The block matching criterions are first discussed and the full search method with other fast block matching algorithms followed.With the complexity decrease of integer pixel accuracy motion estimation, the complexity of sub pixel accuracy motion estimation is comparative to that of integer pixel accuracy motion estimation, so the research of fast sub pixel accuracy motion estimation algorithms is rising. A fast half pixel accuracy motion estimation algorithms based on mathematical prediction models is proposed in this paper.At last, the VLSI implementation complexity of motion estimation in video encoding is analyzed. Furthermore, a fast block matching algorithm based on hardware implementation and its VLSI architecture are presented.