Administration To Margin: The Organizational Construction And Function Of Suburban And Rural Communities

With the swift promotion of urbanization, a large group of suburban villages are gradually brought into the city limits, becoming a part of cities. As a kind of transitional community type in the process of urbanization, the evolvement, development and administration of the suburban village communities have aroused people's great attention and become one of the hot academic research spots.After reform and opening to the outside world, China began to reorient the political structure at the basic level in both villages and cities. In particular, with the beginning of 21th century, China's social development has entered a new stage, under which the self- administration of society at the basic level in both urban and rural areas has been promoted to a higher level. Furthermore, the 17th session of NPC even identifies people's self- control of society at the basic level as political system with Chinese characteristics. However, different from common rural and urban communities, the suburban village communities has formed a series of unique social phenomena in the process of transformation from villages to cities. The article aims at analyzing the administration of suburban-village communities so as to uncover its feature and characteristics starting with the organizational construction and function and taking T- village community as a case study.Through the research on T-village administrative organizational structure and function, the article discovers that owing to the retardation of coordinated managerial system reform, the dependence on traditional managerial style as well as the existing objective fact and the masses' subjective demands in the village communities, T-village community, though, with its capital goods and rural domiciles losing agricultural operation, has been legislatively put into urban managerial system, it still follows the past rural low level management to a large extent, thus in the practical operation of village community administration appears the simultaneous application of rural and urban lower management system as well as the interaction and penetration of the two managerial factors, revealing the peculiarity of "similar to city, but not one; similar to country, but not one; both city and country" style of administration. This phenomenon of marginal administration breaks the traditionally urban and rural dual administrative structure and results in the confusion of the originally clear line between the urban and the rural lower managerial system. The article plans to use "marginal administration" to generalize the administrative model of suburban village community, defining it as "an administrative model forming in the suburban village community, lying in the two types of lower social administrative systems between the urban resident self- government and the villager self-government, and urban community management and village management existing simultaneously, penetrating as well as interacting with each other." The so-called "marginal administration" possesses the following features: the double track of administrative evidence, the complication of management, the amphibious nature of organizational structure and the ambiguity of organizational functions between city and village, etc.. There are various social reasons to cause the phenomenon of marginal administration, among which the fundamental one is the urban and rural dualistic structure, and the direct one is the vacancy of system, while social reality demand is also an important reason.The marginal administration similar to T-village community is a transitional phenomenon appearing in the process of on-the-stage China's urbanization, and it is also a kind of special political social phenomenon as well as an unique administrative model resulted from the urbanization with Chinese characteristics. It can be assured that with the further promotion of urbanization, the continual invasion and penetration of urban community construction and resident self-government, the traditionally rural managerial factors and villager self-government style will surely be weakened and cleared up. At last it will be realized that the rural lower management will fundamentally be transformed into urban community administration.