Research On Capital Structure And Operation Mode Of Health-Building Clubs In Qingdao

The 21th century has witnessed a vigorous development of sports industry. Sports fitness has become an important factor in the human life gradually. On such situation, it is of great significance for carry out the fitness programs throughout the nation. With the amounting numbers of body-building groups, the sizes and quantities of fitness clubs are also on the increase. Thus, to conduct the researches on fitness clubs in the city of Qingdao will greatly promote the development of sports industry, meet the needs of scientific fitness and healthy life, and improve the system of fitting market. Since the reform and opening, Qingdao City has enjoyed prominent advantages in the development of economics, science and technology, education and social cultures in the whole province and even the whole country. Especially, as one of the cities to undertake 2008 Olympic Game, Qingdao City has also embraced many exceptional advantages and favorable conditions in promoting the development of local sports fitness industry. Meanwhile, Qingdao City is considered to be the sports city of Shandong Province, which is famous as a major province in sports. Therefore, the good development of mass sports in Qingdao provides a strong mass basis for the development of fitness clubs.The paper takes fitness clubs in Qingdao City as the research objects and conducts researches on the capital structure and operation mode of the fitness clubs in Qingdao City. At the same time, the author put forwards with some countermeasures and some helpful advices for the sound development of fitness clubs in Qingdao in order to promote the sustainable, healthy and stable development of fitness enterprises in Qingdao. Besides, the paper is designed to offer theoretical foundation for the sports administrative department of Qingdao City to plan the development of fitness clubs. What's more, it is of very important reference values for the development of fitness industry in the surrounding cities. Furthermore, the author hopes it is of great help for the investors who are engaged in the business of fitness clubs management and the related business administrators.After the research, the paper comes to such conclusions as following:1. The Capital Structure(1) Private economic factor is in the leading position in the whole economic component of fitness clubs of Qingdao City, of which self fund takes a high proportion. Moreover, the source of self fund has the feature of single channel with the low enduring capacity to face the capital risk of fitness clubs. Thus, it is not beneficial for the sustainable development of fitness clubs. (2) Fitness clubs in Qingdao City has a relatively large investment and building area and most of them are large and medium sized according to the comprehensive evaluation standards of fitness clubs. Meanwhile, according to the different patterns of fitness clubs, the fitness equipment and subsidiary facilities status of them feature obvious difference. In specific, the equipment outfit and subsidiary facilities are relatively comprehensive in large-sized clubs which can better meet the demand of body-building groups while those in medium and small sized ones are relatively not in a good condition attributing to the capital limitation to the most extent.(3) The operation mode of the capital of fitness clubs in Qingdao is single with the lack of diversity and the lack of management of capital investment. The collection method is single, most of which are self fund. That is to say, the source of capital is single which limits the development of the clubs. Moreover, the profit situation of fitness clubs is not optimistic due to various factors, of which mainly are the large initial investment and long payback period, high turn-over taxation, single income source and low utilization ratio of fitness clubs venues.(4) Fitness clubs in Qingdao City are lack of the related service facilities, the main reason for which is the lack of the national capital and tax revenue preferential policy and the imperfect of market regulation and administration.(5) The status of economic development in Qingdao City provides excellent conditions for the development of fitness clubs. The geographic location of fitness clubs has an obvious impact on the management status of them. For example, the fitness clubs which are located in the business district are on a good business condition.(6) The administrators of fitness clubs in Qingdao City have a relatively high educational level. Yet, the people who are administration majors and sports related majors take a small proportion. And there proportion of conduction relative training on the administrators is comparatively small. The body-building instructors in these fitness clubs in Qingdao City are mostly young and middle-aged, who have a rather high educational level. However, most of them have not got the related certifications. Meanwhile, training body-building instructors and planning career for them are not listed in the administrative system in most fitness clubs which lead to the phenomena that the quality and professional level of the instructors are not consistent or the same. Furthermore, Qingdao City does not attach enough importance to the researchers and do not make them play in the full function. Besides, the fitness clubs lack the research and development of operation programs and fitness equipment.(7) The marketers of fitness clubs in Qingdao City have some defeats including lack of intensive analysis of fitness market environment, single pricing strategy, unreasonable market positioning, and weak brand awareness.(8) The management of members of fitness clubs in Qingdao City lack features the lack of in humanity and the lack of sense of responsibility. They only focus on the short-term profit of the clubs themselves. The fitness consumption which is affordable to the fitness members still stays in a medium and low level. And the times and lengths for the body-building members to take exercise per week are relatively short. Thus, the fitness consciousness of the residents in Qingdao City needs improving. 2. The Operation ModeAccording to the condition of the capital structure and management of the fitness clubs in Qingdao City, the author constructs the operation mode of the clubs and positions their function. Bases on it, the author suggests an operation mode of "Four Systems" and "Five Mechanisms". "Four systems" refer to Macro-adjustment System, Execution System, Supervision System and Feedback System. Firstly, Macro-adjustment System actively and steadily makes excellent policies and measurements and is the important factor for the benign operation of the mode. Secondly, the Execution System consistently carries out policies and measurements made by Macro-adjustment System and is the key to ensure the normal operation of the mode. Thirdly, Supervision System fairly performs its function of supervision and is the external guarantee for the operation of the mode. Fourthly, Feedback System feedbacks information in time and is the guarantee to decrease the decision-making misplay of the mode. "Five Mechanisms" means Raising Funds Mechanism of Fitness Clubs, Fitness Clubs Venues and Equipment Construction Mechanism, Fitness Clubs Instructors Team Construction Mechanism, Sports Fitness Clubs Member Administration Mechanism, Fitness Clubs Brand Construction Mechanism. It is hopeful that the mode can provide strong theoretical and methodological support for the smooth construction and healthy development of fitness clubs in Qingdao City.