A Study On Gender Difference Of The Opportunity Of Receiving Higher Education In Our Country

As an ideal of the education, educational equality is an inexorable trend of educational development and eternal pursuit of the whole society. Educational equality embodies the social equality in educational domain, it mainly comprises the equality of educational rights and educational opportunity. But phenomena of educational inequality still exist in the world of today. Before 20^th century, they took on the inequality of educational rights, and have turned into the inequality of educational opportunity since 20^th century.Today, the question of equality of the opportunity of higher education has aroused general concern. As higher education is the resource in short supply in our country, that is, the opportunity of receiving higher education is not donating opportunity but competitive opportunity which is obtained by one's trying hard and ability, the chance of receiving higher education should be concerned firstly.As everyone knows, person is the core of education, and gender is a basic target that differentiates one person, the harmonious development of male and female in education is an essential prerequisite of the harmony of human society, so the equality of the opportunity of receiving higher education between male and female should be a basic content in educational equality.With female status changing after 1949, more and more female receive higher education. However gender difference in the chance of receiving higher education still exists. The paper firstly analyses current situation from the whole(quanlity and level) and category(disciplines and specialities), and makes a conclusion that the female is in an inferior position on opportunity of receiving higher educations, which will affect female development in society. Secondly, the paper analyses the reasons which lead to the situation, and points out that the traditional gender culture, the difference of income between urban-rural residents, inequality of the opportunity of obtaining employment between male and female, female self are the main reasons out the education system, while in education system, educator, the educated and educational content are important factors. At last, the paper raises some effective measures, that is, to establish new gender culture, to devote major efforts to developing economy and strengthen the readjustment to income distribution, to make gender consciousness into social decision, to make efforts by female self, to develop correct gender concepts by the educators, to set up scientific and normal the system of teaching material, and carry out the concepts of gender equality, which reduce the gender difference of the opportunity of receiving higher education.