Increasing The Enrollment Of Higher Education: Problems And Countermeasures

In the information age, the core of the international competition is on the person of ability, whose essence is the competition on education. Therefore, countries all over the world regard the reform and development of education as their national strategy of significance. And the development of higher education is key to the overall improvement of the comprehensive national power. China has increased the enrollment of higher education since 1999. In the year 2002, the gross enrollment ratio reached 15 percent, which indicates that Chinese higher education has been on the threshold of popularization and is meaningful in strengthening Chinese comprehensive national power, improving the citizens" quality and promoting the economic and social progress. However, the jumping development of this kind also brings a lot of difficulties to higher education. The healthy and sustainable development of higher education must base on the inherent unity and coordination of scale, quality, structure and benefit. How to further the popularization of higher education so as to universalize it actively and properly attracts many people's attention. Under the guidance of the view on scientific development and on the basis of the reality of the development of Chinese higher education, the thesis tries to take the Shandong province for example to deeply investigate the background and causes of the increased enrollment of higher education, to examine the problems in the process of it reasonably and objectively and put forward proposals for its positive development, in the hope of promote and help the overall, harmonious and sustainable development of higher education in Shandong province and even China to make it play better role in the modernization.The thesis includes five parts:The first part mainly expounds the connotation of the view on scientific development and its meaning in the field of higher education. The view on scientific development is a view on overall, harmonious and sustainable development, whose essence and core is to take human as root. As to higher education, scientific development means that higher education should implement the above view, help economic society in China develop comprehensively harmoniously and sustainably and make the view as guide to its reform and development;The second part surveys the development of higher education in China and Shandong province after the increased enrollment. The thesis examines the former from the respects of the quantity of colleges, the gross ratio, the quantity of students at college, the reform of teaching and the import system of funds; reveals the latter from the scale of teachers and students, the structure and arrangement of majors and the distribution of colleges; The third part mainly discusses the background and causes of increasing the enrollment of higher education in Shandong province that are as follows: the restructuring of national policy for higher education provides the opportunity; the continuous and fast development of the economy makes great demands; the abnormal levels and structure pose challenges;The forth part mainly analyzes the following difficulties in the process of increasing the enrollment of higher education: the discrepancy between the input and the speed cannot satisfy the increased enrollment's needs for the source sufficiently; the arrangement of majors and the structure of subjects fall behind the economic and social development; the development of higher education attach great importance to the quantity and ignore the quality; the school-running patterns are single and lacking in characteristics; the situation of employment is serious and the intellectual unemployment further aggravates:The fifth part tries to put forward proposals for positively increasing the enrollment of higher education in Shandong province: the government ought to change its function and widen thoughts to provide comfortable environment for it; colleges should orientate themselves properly and reform determinedly to improve quality and level; the society should be concerned about and back up the development of higher education to provide beneficial conditions.