A Study On The Gender In Senior Middle School's Historical Textbooks

Focusing on 2005 edition of the students' compulsory historical textbooks published by People Press, comparing with the previous edition of historical textbooks published by People's Education Press and textbook of world history in America, and anglicizing the gender issue between the lines, this paper tries to solve these questions as follows. Whether there are gender problems include in People Press version textbooks? What cause them? What will they lead to? How should educators change the way of presenting in gender issue, etc.This paper is divided into four parts.In the first part, this paper investigates and defines core conceptions such as gender, besides, reminds and analyzes the researches of gender issue in historical textbooks all over the world.In the second part, this paper gives a concrete research object and basic content and researching method, and confirms the class heading of this research.In the third part, this paper analyzes historical textbooks by frequency and visualization , and found that there do exist gender problems in the historical textbooks, even the gender equality is emphasized more and more nowadays, mainly manifested as follows. It's still obvious that women keep a much lower appearing frequency, besides few women who were famous and had dominant over were recorded into the book. What's more, the female working images and the female images are usually plain and negative, which lack of positive qualities. Their work levels are usually low. Besides, it is difficult to find a scene which has both males and females. Historical materials about women are usually used as supplement. By comparing and analyzing, the author discovered that these problems appear in a variety of edition of senior historical textbooks to some degree, with this discovery, this paper analyzes what caused them and what they will lead to.In the forth part, this paper put forward proposes to correct the gender trend in historical textbooks by comparing the requirement of course reform and practicing the main theory of gender and education science. First, under the guide of new historiography conception and multicultural education conception, historical textbooks should reflect the position and achievement of people in society development, enrich image of historical females, make female relative historical material used more properly. Second, under the principle of realizing "Three-dimensional Object", textbooks should arise students' historical awareness and living wisdom, and enable students react with historical events through learning. Third, textbooks should confirm every student's development, and admit the gender difference meanwhile avoid the expression with the men's central role, and satisfy different requirement of male and female students. What's more, this paper gives concrete practicing principles and measures in order to practice propose mentioned above.On the other hand, something should be mentioned. First, it is different between history education and history itself. History education considers more about choosing historical material, so long as better achieve teaching aims. The low situation of women's historical statue and the lack of women's historical material do not mean that historical textbooks in modern time can not give them proper statue. Second, the evolution of gender issue in senior historical textbooks is based on the standard of gender equality in modern time. But the gender justification standard can't equal to the sense of self-satisfaction. Besides, correcting gender problems don't mean increasing record of women in historical textbooks, but presenting female images in history as it is. Textbooks should let learners not only realize the positive meaning of women to history development, but also learn the suffering, weak points and process of women. So that let learners really experience the statue and achievement of male and female historical people. Even though male images are more abundant than female ones, women's struggling experience in Chinese long unfair history in which men respected while women had a really low statue is in fact excellent teaching materials. That is to say, the inquiring of gender issue in historical textbooks from fundamental education will bring big progress much further than organizing and editing historical textbook.