Association Between PPAR-γ Gene Polymorphisms And Aerobic Performance

Purpose: (1) Association between PPAR-γGene Polymorphisms and elite endurance athlete status. (2) Association between PPAR-γGene Polymorphisms and the effects of endurance training. Subjects: (1) Case control.①Elite endurance athletes: They comprise 123 unrelated Chinese elite endurance athletes. They were specialists in long-distance running including 5000m, 10000m and marathon.②Sedentary control: They comprise 206 unrelated Chinese sedentary undergraduates. (2) Association study. New soldiers: They consist of 102 unrelated new Chinese man soldiers. All subjects are Han population and plainsmen in North China (including Liaoning,Heilongjiang,Jilin,Hebei,Tianjin and Shandong province).Methods: PCR-RFLP and Sequencing were used to examine the genotype and allele frequencies of three polymorphisms (Pro12Ala,C-681G,C161T) in three subjects. The new soldiers undertook a distance running program consisted of 5000 m running with the intensity of 95-105% ventilatory threshold (VT), 3 times/week for 18 weeks. VO2max,running economy (RE),body composition and Left ventricular structure and function were measured before and after the protocol, and were used to explore the association between PPAR-γgene polymorphisms and the effects of endurance training.Conclusions:1. There are significant racial differences in the genotypes and allele frequencies of PPAR-γgene.2. The A allele of PPAR-γ2 gene Pro12Ala polymorphism may have disadvantageous influence for the aerobic performance. CC homozygote of PPAR-γ3 gene C-681G polymorphism and CC genotype of PPAR-γgene C161T polymorphism may be associated with the aerobic performance; meanwhile, the sexual difference was found in this association.3. No association was detected between PPAR-γ2 gene Pro12Ala polymorphism and training response.4. GG homozygote of PPAR-γ3 gene C-681G was related with the△WT and△BMI after training. The△RE/rVO2 of CG heterozygote was significantly less than that of the other two genotypes. The capacity of the heart pumping and reserving blood in the GG homozygote was better than the others. There was significant relation between C-681G polymorphism and ventricular function in the low load, but not for the training response.5. The TT homozygote of PPAR-γgene C161T polymorphism exhibited more increase of fat after training and worse capacity of physical fitness economy during the exercise. The CT heterozygote had better improvement after the endurance training. The heart rate after exercise of the CC homozygote was harder to resume than the CT heterozygote, whereas the improvement after endurance training was diverse.