Research On Infants' Attachment To Fosterers In Familiar Environment

Generally speaking, attachment usually refers to personal endured emotional connection to some certain person. According to researches on Children's developing Psychology, it usually shows us children's following, depending, and intimate behavior to their fosterers. It is formed when they are 2 years old. If attachment begins to exist, it will keep stable and play an important role in children's social connection and emotional development.The Research chose a familiar environment—kindergarten. It conclude typical behavior standard of infant attachment in two periods—time of going into kindergarten and going out of it, and in two natural situations—departing of fosterers and children and meeting again situation. Then I designed questionnaire according to anxiety (departing) and closeness (meeting again). The questionnaire rightly commented as good reliability and validity. Finally, It will judge children's attachment type by analyzing the result of the questionnaire. Also, the result can be used to compare with attachment under strange circumstances. This research is a transverse type. I collect infants from high grade, middle grade and low grade at random-sample and their parents filled in the questionnaire. I got 200 valid questionnaires in total. The principal results of this research indicate that:1.Compile and write a questionnaire on"infants'attachment behavior"with 21 items. After inspecting, it has a better reliability and validity and can be performed for psychological measurement.2. Having been measured and statistical analyzed, the type of infants'attachment under familiar circumstances can be divided into four types, and defined as harmonious type, indifferent type, nervous type and contradictory type. Particularly, among the four types the proportion of harmonious type and indifferent type which also called security attachment are extremely significantly higher than other attachment types, amount for 79.4%; nervous type and contradictory type are insecurity attachment, which amount for 20.6%.3. The conclusion of the research revealed that it is different dividing between familiar environment and strange circumstances. The harmonious type in familiar environment is similar with security attachment in strange circumstances, indifferent type is also belongs to the secure type, which we take as an accustomed behavior to the kindergarten'life, it is characterized by familiar environment. Moreover, nervous type and contradictory type, which belongs to the insecurity attachment, is differential to the resisting attachment under strange circumstances, it is the specialization and supplement to the resisting attachment.4. According to the research, the proportion of each attachment type is changed obviously as the infants'age grow old, it show that the types have remarkable difference in age. Seen from gender, girls account for a large proportion in the harmonious type and indifferent type, while boys account for a small proportion in the security attachment, it shows different gender have remarkable difference in different attachment types.