A Study On The Role Adaptation Of Landless Peasants In Chongqing During Urbanization

Role adaptation refers the process of modification for individuals and groups to accord with role criterion, because of the changes of situation and a series of socially expected rights, responsibilities, behavior norms or behavior patterns. Currently, along with the up-speeding of urbanization, a large number of landless peasants appear. There are lots of researches about this, but few about the role adaptation of landless peasants. Based on former literatures, surveying the landless peasants of Chongqing city, this research suggests a theory hypothesis of role adaptation for landless peasants. Meanwhile, consulting relational theories and experts, we fabricate the questionnaire of role adaptation of landless peasants and carry through with factor analysis and reliability, validity tests. Through the survey, we basically realize the conditions of role adaptation for landless peasants. Furthermore, combined with the factors of role adaptation, we bring forward some suggestions of landless peasants in Chongqing. The outcomes of this research are following:(a) The role adaptation of landless peasants consists of conceptual and behavioral role adaptation. Conceptual role adaptation including five factors: self-identity, future will, interaction concept with citizen, psychological perception, confidence. Behavioral role adaptation including four factors: life habit, methods to earn one's living, sociality and community adaptation.(b) Conceptual role adaptation part of our questionnaire is five-point Likert scale and surveyed by face to face conversation. Behavioral role adaptation part adopts content single selection or multi-selection. Through analysis, this questionnaire has an acceptable reliability and validity, which can be used a tool to measure landless peasants' role adaptation.(c) The adaptation conditions of landless peasants in Chongqing: using chi-square test, one-way ANOVA analysis and UNIANVOA analysis, it is found that adaptation condition in conceptual role adaptation part is common. There into, the condition for self-identity factor is little higher than average, future will, interaction concept with citizen and confidence are low, and psychological perception for most people is desirable. The outcomes of further analysis indicate: there is no significant difference between male and female in conceptual role adaptation generally; there is no significant difference among different expropriating time in conceptual role adaptation generally; the younger the peasants is, the better the adaptation is; the landless peasants' conceptual role adaptation, whose education is primary school and below, is better that those whose education is middle school, high school and technical secondary school. Compared with the former job before land expropriation and the willingness to it, the incomes before and after land expropriation influence the conceptual role adaptation more. The general situation for behavioral role adaptation is: unemployment is common; methods and consciousness to earn one's living bad; life habit behind; entertainment old-fashioned; adaptation to city bad; interpersonal intercourse skinny, mainly based on relative; community adaptation is good, but community management needs improvement.(d) According to above studies, we bring forward some suggestions for landless peasants in Chongqing to role adaptation: do psychological modification and increase income; enhance modern awareness, improve life habits; change intercourse concept, enlarge intercourse; advance community thoughts, innovate community management.(e) The innovation of this research are: academically, this research combines urbanization, landless peasants, role adaptation together, enriches the studies of urbanization and role adaptation, and provides a new angle of view for the research of landless peasants; in practice, as the problem of landless peasants is a hot issue currently, the outcomes of role adaptation of landless peasants have a good sense to realize the situations of peasants in the process of urbanization in Chongqing city.