The Characteristic And The Evolution Rule Of Physical Contents Of The National College Entrance Examination Since 1978

The national college uniform examination (abbreviated" college entrance examination") experienced from alone-tested, joint-tested by the universities, then uniformed by the nation, as well as abolished from1966 to1976, resumed in 1977, but proposited by the provinces voluntarily, in 1978 restored the national examination at last. It's 30 years until now, this four aspects—the subject establishment, the examinatorial contents, the examinatorial form, the enrollment way have gone forward gropingly for 30 years in the college entrance examination. As a kind of selecting talented person's method for the institutions of higher learning, the college entrance examination has its own rule and characteristic. It is necessary and significant to study the physical contents of the college entrance examination, but the massive research belongs to the experiential, summary-like works, scattered and trivial. This dissertation researched mainly on the development of physical contents in the college entrance examinations for these 30 years, in order to understand the characteristic and the evolution rule of physical contents of the national college entrance examination.This dissertation compared "Test Program" and test papers in all previous years to summarize the physical knowledge's characteristic in Test Program, as well as the test points' characteristic and the tendency of Mechanics, Electromagnetics, Calorifics, Optics and Atomic Physics in the college entrance examination of physics since 1978 using the literature methodology.Through this research, we can know that there are some characteristics of physical contents of the national college entrance examination as follows:(1)Mechanics and Electromagnetics are the dominating parts in college entrance examination of physics, the core contents of physics in the stage of high school too. Optics manifested some equivalent nature of Mechanics and Electromagnetics in the college entrance examination, even in physics-learning in high school. But there are few test questions related to Calorifics and Atomic Physics examined in science synthesis volume.(2)We can set the test points of Mechanics and Eleetromagnetics effectively in each test types, but Optics and Atomic Physics are suitable for multinomial choice and filled- in-blank (included drawing), otherwise Calorifics multinomial choice and calculated questions, particularly in multinomial choice. The experiment contents in college entrance examination of physics involve widely, all experiment points in Test Program have been examined. Electricity experiments are examined mostly, followed by Mechanics, Optics, Calorifics, Atomic Physics is the only branch that doesn't have test points. Although some certain experiments (for example: the instruments reading, the resistance measuring with voltammetry, refitting the electric instrument) examine repeatedly, but the emphasis and the way of examined are different.(3)Referring to the idiographic examination content in college entrance examination of physics, all the basal and the key physical knowledge in high school are examined not only in single subject volume, but also in science synthesis volume, so it doesn't deviate the backbone system of physics.On the other hand, we can realize the development and the tendency of physical contents of the national college entrance examination as follows:(1)Test Program added lots of modem physics knowledge, so the classical physics contents reduce in the college entrance examination, but the modern physics contents enlarge.(2)The test points of Calorifics, Optics and Atomic Physics in the science synthesis volume appear generally in the choice, but Mechanics and Electromagnetics don't have much changes in the choice, compared with single subject volume, thus the questions referred to Mechanics and Electromagnetics in calculated questions increase.But the experiments in college: entrance examination of physics are no longer only made up of the student experiments, there are more and more questions with those demonstrated experiments as the materials in Mechanics, Electromagnetics and Optics. Recently, experiments are taken the examinatorial pattern in science synthesis volume that "one question with Electricity, the other with Mechanics"or"one with Electricity, the other with Optics". Besides, the points of Mechanics mainly focus on reading the instruments (micrometer, vernier caliper), and the points of Electricity concentrate in measuring the resistance.(3)The quantity of knowledge in Test Program shows an increasing tendency, especially Test Programs add lots of applied and related to actual knowledge. But the, quantity of test points in single subject volume increased previously, and then reduced. At the beginning of the 90's, after advocating abilities test, the integrative degree of single subject volume enlarged; simultaneously its difficulty increased.B-level knowledge reduce, A-level increase, at the same time, there are a lot of difficultly-understood and fussily-calculated knowledge deleted, the same as othe non-key and the elective contents for studying in high school, especially the very-abstract knowledge of Electromagnetics deleted most in Test Program. The test points in science synthesis volume become few than that in single subject volume, and its integrative degree is obviously higher than single subject volume's, but it reduced from 2004o. It means that the difficulty of physical contents of the national college entrance examination will have a downtrend.