Knowledge Criticism And Its Enlightenment To The Reform Of Knowledge Education

The thought of knowledge criticism in scientific philosophy and knowledge sociology plays an important role in the development of knowledge and human being. What's more,it also has reality meaning to the reform of knowledge education. This thesis explains former thoughts through three parts. The first part explains the meaning of knowledge criticism because the word 'criticism'is often misused and knowledge can't be well understood because of its complexity. Knowledge criticism is aiming to break through the restricts in knowledge to people and make people feel good while being together with knowledge, not to deny knowledge as the negative side of people's development. The first part also illustrates on the general philosophical meaning of knowledge criticism to new knowledge's growth, seeking after truth and relieving people from knowledge's burden. Such meaning is based upon the distinguishing of knowledge and truth,the change of knowledge properties and the change of relationship between knowledge and man.Knowledge criticism is recognized and emphasized in philosophy and is there any value for knowledge education to get out of its trouble? The second part of this thesis makes a survey about the drawbacks of the present knowledge education. The problems of knowledge education are the following. Curriculum as knowledge vehicle still appears as knowledge authority before teacher and students. Curriculum knowledge is not a question for teacher and his students to continue exploring but a conclusion waiting for students to obtain in reasonable ways. The classroom teaching,as a direct activity to cultivating students, over-values knowledge inheritance and neglects cultivating students'consciousness, thoughts and capability of knowledge criticism and knowledge creation. It pays high attention to knowledge's tool value and neglects its meaning to students'inner mentality such as feeling and value perspective. This thesis holds an opinion that there're two reference values of knowledge criticism to knowledge education. The first one is about curriculum. Curriculum goals should be the cultivating of students' capability of constructing, imagination and criticism not knowledge imbuing. The second one is about classroom teaching. It should cultivate students'capability of critically obtain social objective knowledge and emphasize on knowledge's value to students'inner mentality.How can knowledge criticism get into becoming in knowledge education? The third part of this thesis emphasizes on exploring reform methods of knowledge education under knowledge criticism. Linked with the survey of knowledge education in the second part, the enlightenment of knowledge criticism to knowledge education also contains two points. The first point is the change of curriculum's goal. Under the perspective of knowledge criticism, curriculum isn't the copy of social culture and objective knowledge but their re-construction. The appearance of curriculum knowledge should have more enlightening meaning, give students more freedom,and encourage students to question, criticise and create bravely. The second point is the changes of the perspective of classroom teaching. The changes are about three sides. Firstly, the change of teaching view. Teacher in classroom teaching should pay attention to criticism and creation of curriculum knowledge and all-around development of students, especially their knowledge growth and inner mantal development. Secondly, the change of teacher's role. Teacher should break through the image of classroom authority and be No.1 among the equal and guide students to criticise and explore into curriculum knowledge. Thirdly, the change of students'role. Student should be the subject of education and instruction, and the critic and explorer of knowledge.