A Research On Current Situation Of Chinese Teaching In Elementary Schools In Xiangxi Miao Areas

China is a unified multi-ethnic country. Chinese is our common language among different ethnic groups. In order to promote economic development, prosper the cultural science of minority areas, strengthen the exchange and contact among people, we should improve Chinese education of minority areas.There are more minority people than Han Chinese people in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province. People speak Chinese dialects in towns and rural areas, but in the villages inhabited by the Miao (Hmong) the only language is Miao language when they communicate each other. Miao Communities are always in mountain region with poor situation of transportation, and the information is not developed. Therefore, most children do not understand Chinese before they begin their School education. Miao language is Miao children's mother language, even though Chinese is not unknown completely, because of lacking Chinese language environment, Miao children's Chinese is very poor before they go to school. Chinese as a second language for Miao children of Miao Communities, the Chinese language teaching should follow the theory of second language learning to organize, but in Xiangxi Miao areas, Chinese teaching almost entirely in accordance with the model of Han Chinese regions. This is a great challenge to Miao communities'Chinese teaching. It is also the reason of why Chinese teaching in Xiangxi Miao area has been the crux lie.Through literature reviewing, questionnaire studying, visiting classes, comparison method to study the current situation of elementary schools'Chinese teaching in Miao areas of Xiangxi . The study is mainly done in several elementary schools of Fenghuang County. The problems of Chinese teaching in Xiangxi Miao regions are focus on these aspects: It is difficult to Miao children to begin to learn Chinese , for Miao's pronunciation and grammar are very different with the Chinese, so it results in the role of negative transference; the Chinese book is just appropriate to Han Chinese students, it is too difficult to learn to Miao pupils; with the gradually increased number children of migrant workers', the education in Miao regions became a big problem; lacking of Chinese teaching resources and equipments are obsolete; the quality of teachers is relatively low and the salary of teachers are very poor.Countermeasures to solve these problems are: promoting the way of using mother language when begin to learn Chinese ; government and schools should take effective measures to address the education of migrant workers'children; developing and using all kinds of Chinese teaching resources, customizing appropriate Chinese books for children of migrant workers as soon as possible; strengthening teachers'training and encouraging teachers to exchange experiences each other and learn from each other, improving the living conditions of teachers.The thesis is divided into four parts: the first part elaborates the reason of selecting the topic, research methods, theoretical basses and the previous research about Chinese teaching in Xiangxi Miao areas; the second part talks about the contents and procedures of surveys, analyzes the survey results then try to find the problems which exist in Chinese teaching of Xiangxi Miao areas; the third part analyzes the factors of affecting Chinese teaching in primary schools of Xiangxi Miao areas: the effects of negative transfer of mother tongue, the hard education of migrant workers'children, the outdated teaching equipments, and the weak teaching staffs; the fourth part put forward the countermeasures according to the actual situation that affects the development of Chinese teaching of Xiangxi Miao areas.