| After new China was established, our country's universities lived several large-scale adjustments. Due to the sixty years'trial-and-error, there is a governance structure having unique characteristic which suits our national conditions. In recent years, with the expansion of the scale of running university, the reformation of university governance structure has become the focus of researchers in our nation. Having a effective governance structure is deem to the key factor for developing a university. University of Toronto is one of the top research universities in the world. In 1971, it abolished the traditional two-tier system——"Senate--Board", and established University of Toronto Governing Council as the supreme power organization. We can learn many experiences from University of Toronto's governance structure reformation. This article selects University of Toronto Governing Council as core object of the study, summarizes its characteristics, and analysis its effectiveness of the organization.First, the article summarizes the backgrounds of University of Toronto's governance structure reformation:After the Second World War, the expansion of population size caused the increase of the need of entering school. The traditional management was unable to suit the development of multiversity for its lack of effectiveness. Because of the increase of equality, stakeholders from all stratums of the university demanded participating in governing. For lack of communication in the traditional two tier system, there were always dissensions and slight which had bad influence on the university health development. President Bissell's reform concept of establish university governing council was the key factor which motivated University of Toronto Governing Council's foundation.Second, the article introduces University of Toronto Governing Council in detail. The Council composes of 25 members on campus and 25 members off campus, and it is supreme power organization of the university which is responsible for the terminal decision of the major decisions relating to the university. Executive Committee and the Boards are University of Toronto Governing Council's executive bodies, and both of their responsibilities are executing the decision of the council and gathering views for consideration. This chapter will discuss respectively the relationship between University of Toronto Governing Council and Executive Committee, the Boards, President and colleges. There are five procedures on approving a major policy recommendation.Third, the article analyses the characteristics of the council including openness, publicity, coordination and legality. There are 25 members off campus in University of Toronto Governing Council, who provide wide suggestion on university governing and more abundant social resource, therefore, the organization has the characteristic of openness. The members of the governing council include chancellor, president, administrative staff, faculty, students, alumnus and appointees. They are almost on behalf of all stakeholders on campus,-and their rights are protected under the acts. So, the organization has the characteristic of publicity. The personnel belonging to organization decision core take charge of public administration, and full-time administrative staff has proper power in core organization, both of which can reduce the contact link and enhance organization's coordination. Both the promulgating of (University of Toronto Act,1971> and other policies and the establishment of The Office of the Ombudsperson enhance legality on governing university.Last, the article reviews the effectiveness of University of Toronto Governing Council. According to correlation theories of organizational effectiveness and research methods, the author review the effectiveness of University of Toronto Governing Council from three aspects: the realization of intended target, the condition of operation, and ratification of organization members.
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