On Public Participation In The Administrative Decision-making Process Of China

Administrative decisions play an important part even as its core element in public administration. To achieve democratic and scientific decision-making, citizen participation is the necessary element. Citizen participation in administrative decision is the inevitable result of the development of democracy, is a natural reflection of historical materialism in its contemporary development, democratization and administrative decision-making as well to achieve a specific form. With the gradual deepening of political structure reform in our country, the political course is developing towards democratization and legalization, as a result, the citizen's independence and the initiative consciousness, the consciousness of legal system and requirement of the democratization of politics are being progressively strengthened. However, there are a lot of short points in the administrative decision of citizens'participation and as well as many elements that need to be bettered.Concerning the citizens involved in our country in the administrative decision-making; using the basic theories in the political science and administrative science, and in the public decision-making of on the citizens participation, and also basing on the current situation, especially the deficiency of civil participation in executive decision in our country, this article systematically provided the methods to promote the progress of civil participation in executive decision. This thesis mainly into four parts:Part I: This part mainly introduces the basic theory on participation in administrative decision-making. First, the thesis makes a systematic exposition of administrative decision-making. As a special existing form of decision-making with the general character, administrative-making has the special character in the national power running of administration. Administrative decision-making passes a decision in its capacity as national administrative department, which embodies the national interests and will. According to the laws and policies of our country, none of the administrative decisions is effective as long as it runs beyond legal limit and procedure and administrative decision-making affects administrative object strictly. Second, the thesis make a systematic exposition of public participation. Public participation is that we want to implement democracy, to pursue the public interest and achieve citizenship by citizens or groups of citizens in public affairs, including all actions and decisions. Finally, the thesis introduces the forms and ways of public participation. The citizens can directly participate in the administrative decision-making as well as indirectly. According to consciousness or unconsciousness, public participation can be divided into dominant and recessive participations, as well as legal and illegal participation. In the thesis, the author also mentioned other forms, e.g. public opinion survey, holding court, mass meeting, and consultative committee.Part II. The author mainly introduced the necessity and significance of public participation in administrative decision-making. On the necessity the author explained from the following aspects: first, the development of socialist economy impels the citizens to participate in administrative decision-making. Second, political modernization needs more public participation. Finally, citizens participate administrative decision-making because of the government's defects. On the significance, the author discussed from the following aspects: first, public participation makes administrative more scientific and democratic; second, public participation can help coordinate the interest of various groups. Finally, it can help achieve the maximum of public interest. Part III. The thesis analyses the present condition of our country's public participation and the existing contradiction. Public participation experienced several periods in china, during which the recent years are the fastest. With the development of economy, public participation has been improved greatly, however, for various reasons, public participation in china is facing serious problems to be solved or dealt with. First, on the circumstance of china's public participation. The inadequacy and imbalance in economic development restrict the improvement of public participation. The government's traditional idea and deficiency in publicity and clarity of administration keep the political circumstance unfavorable. Despondence mechanisms in administrative decision-make still need to be amplified and more channels are badly needed, which are problems existing in public participation's channels. On the practical level of public participation, the ideas and consciousness of public participation as well as the procedure needs improving.Part IV. On the solutions to enlarge public participation in administrative decision-making. First, on the subject of participation. We should enforce the consciousness of the public participation, enhance the literacy quality of the public, and improve the organization of public participation. In the process of participation, the weak should be protected and we should strengthen the participation of lower class. Second, on the object of participation, the government should strengthen the sense of allowing public participation; strengthen the construction of mechanism, as well as supervision mechanism. Finally, on the circumstance of public participation. The government should provide a better economic circumstance and political circumstance to keep the material basis stable and the participation democratic.In conclusion, in the process of decision-making, the government's policies and solutions and the implementary result will be interrelated with public participation. On the other hand, public participation promotes the development of democracy. As the subject of administration, the government should try the best to take the public advices and value them, provide more channels to inform the public effectively, and the government should change its traditional administrative idea, improve the administrative mechanism, and the circumstance of participation, then it can remedy its defect in decision-making.