Exploration And Analysis On Reform Of The Problem Of Household Register System Of China

Because the current system of household register of our country is a result of the planned economic system.,and the present registered regulations of household register issued in 1958, a lot of contents did not meet the need of social economic development, so it must be reformed. Household register reform is not a simple depopulation reform, and it involves the interest adjustments and reallocations of respects such as employment, medical treatment, education, welfare, etc. If reforms begin hurriedly before relevant auxiliary facilities are not implemented, the "household register reform" will most probably become a merely nominal ineffective law. But on the other hand, household register reform is an inevitable requirement to realize the talents in urban and rural areas flow freely, reflect the fair principle, promote the development of new rural construction and economy and it is the trend of the times. But at the opportunity of household register reform, theory circle, academia and some practical workers have disagreements. Some people maintain the opportunity of household register reform has been already ripe, the household register policy should be immediately promoted in the whole nation, adopting the radical reform plan. Some people think the opportunity to promote the household register policy to the whole nation is not ripe yet, it should be a progressive course. The author of the paper thinks the reform of the household register system should adopt the progressive reform scheme regarding binary system as the foundation, unitary system as the goal, analyze the existing problems of it, and suggest the countermeasures of the household register system based on it. The structure and content of the paper are as follows:Part one is a summary to the household register system. The household register system is an important social system in our country's history, started in Western Zhou Dynasty, having scale in Han Qin Dynasty, becoming better and approaching perfection day by day after Tang and Song Dynasty, lasting until the period of the Republic of China, playing a very important role in social management. After new China is established, the government abrogates the old household register system, and has set up new household register system. The contemporary household register system started in 1958, and it is thousands of years apart from initial household register system, but the core of the household register system is still continuous so far. Then, the author makes an introduction to the general meaning of the contemporary household register system, has obtained two concepts of the generalized household register the system and the narrowly-defined household register system from it. The household register system has gone through three periods of development courses in terms of narrow sense, that is , period of free migration (state founding - 1958), period of tight control(1958-1978), period of half opening (whether 1978 so far). The writer makes a brief introduction to the characteristics of every period and the main regulations, systems issued during it.Part two has analyzed the contemporary household register system and its existing problems. It is believed in the article that, with the gradual deepening of the reform, the existing economy, social base of the contemporary household register system of binary system of cutting apart urban and rural areas have already withered away gradually, becoming an obstacle of contemporary China's social development to a certain extent, having brought a lot of negative effects to social economic progress. Its drawbacks are in enlargement, and the benefits are shrinking. Its drawbacks mainly include the following respects:1,Household register system limited the citizen's freedom of remove. The freedom of remove is an important content of the citizen's right in modern country. To society, the freedom of remove is not merely the needs of developments of society, economy, politics, and a kind of progressive signs of social civilization. As the sign of civilization level, the remove freedom is the inevitable requirement when human civilization develops into certain stage. Our country's current household register system makes certain progress in period of free migration, but it can only supply advantages for some groups with economic base, quality base, but for the weak group of peasants, we still have long journey to go to the period of free migration in a real sense. So, the limits to the household register migration system should be cancelled according to the requirement of national development strategy.2,The household register system of binary system of cutting apart urban and rural area has expanded disparity in urban and rural areas artificially. There is a dispute at the beginning of forming it, with the constant deepening of reform and opening-up, a large number of surplus rural labor forces pouring into the city, such household register system of cutting apart urban and rural area is even more criticized , which hinders society fairness in essence.3,The household register system does not match the demand for development of the market economy. Under the condition of market economy, the workforce's flow is primary condition to realize the optimum dispose of resource. The research of sociology proves that the pace of society flow has reflected the speed of the social development. The current household register system has limited population's flow.Part three has analyzed the predicament of the current household register system reform. The goal of the current household register system reform is to resume the freedom of citizen migration. But the realization of this goal is not so easy, the household register system reform is beset with difficulties. It is not merely a thing of the public security department and it is entrusted to various privileges and symbols subjectively by people, becoming a kind of symbol of reflection on different interest distributions. And once such additional function of the household register system is accepted by people, it is very difficult to strip. So, the difficulty of the current household register system reform still lies in its coordination with other departments, and this kind of household register system implemented for a long time has a steady and huge vested interest stratum. The following predicaments exist in the course of the household register system reform:1,In view of distribution of resources, to unify the household register in urban and rural areas doesn't mean the settlement in relevant social concerns.2,The understanding of the cost of household register reform in big cities is difficult to unify.3,To unify the household register in urban and rural areas mean the two-way flow, and there exist obstacles turning citizens into villagers. 4,In practical operation, the household register system reform requires all related interests departments to make coordinated reform. 5,Hindrance from the stakeholders concerned of the current household register system.Part four has analyzed the thinking and countermeasures of the household register system reform. The overall thinking of the household register system reform is the progressive reform scheme regarding binary system as the foundation, unitary system as the goal. The countermeasures are explained from following eight respects:1,Strengthen the basic work of management of the household register, enforce the household register.2,Break the binary managerial structure of the household register system of cutting apart agriculture non-agriculture in urban and rural areas.3,Adjust the policy of household register movement actively, relax limits of household register movement gradually, lead population to flow reasonably and tactically, realize the goal of free migration finally .4,At present, all parts should follow their own actual conditions to direct for different types, treat with a certain discrimination, do not do " make it rigidly uniform ".5,Accelerate the legislative paces of management of household register.6,Further improve the management system of the ID card, enable it to combine closely with household register.7,Accelerate information-based paces, realize the shift from the static management to dynamic management of population.8,Improve the corresponding related reform measures, offer good social environment for the household register system reform.This paper believes from the final analysis that because China's population is large in total amount, the distribution of areas is unbalanced, in addition, the expanding trend that the disparity, regional disparity in urban and rural areas has not been turned back yet, the progressive reform precept must be adopted for the household register system reform.