Researching On The Anti-corruption Thought Of Montesquieu

The original intention of corruption refers to physics, which means the chemistry process from the original state deteriorating to be rotten, when the word is applied in the human being's activities, it refers to the degenerating of human being's moral and abuse of political power. The early western thinkers' mostly concerns is how to prevent the master from abuse of political power because of their own interests which leads to the corruption of the political system and comprehensive ruin of society governs. Then research on the problem of corruption changes into the abuse of public power to the resources and the specific behavior.Therefore, the "corruption" on political science significance studies has should to include more contents , which was precipitated in this thought of Montesquieu. First, Montesquieu's corruption is belongs to tradition of system corruption, that is to say, in the first, corruption refers to political system and life of society , whose connotation is decay and metamorphosis as a neutral term, which does not contain very much morality significance. In fact, the politics thinkers before Montesquieu generally explained "corruption" in the macroscopic view, which meant the corruption of political system, for example, in Aristotle's thought, conception about political corruption is systematic corruption, which expresses the transmutation of the form of government; but it is a process of one kind of system form to being another kind of form for Polibius. This studies tradition lasts till 17^th/18^th century as main current , then gradually have changed to country power , and changed into power corruption centering on "public position " sepsis finally right away.This paper also discusses Montesquieu's reason for the corruption of government. Montesquieu has brought forward concept of " principle of government ", he said, principle is that by which it is made government to act, and the human passions which set government in motion. So, corruption of principle of government is the reason for corruption of government, it self also is the explanation to the connotation of corruption.Then is the corruption of power as the common viewpoint today, but being worth paying attention to is that the abuse of power said by Montesquieu is not directly contacting with corruption, but for drawing forth the theory of the separation of powers and checks and balances, and pursuing this value target of ensuring citizen's free, just Nowadays many people often use it as the core of corruption while discussing corruption of power.Respond to relative connotation of corruption, Montesquieu proposed countermeasures guarding against corruption of government and principle of government and abuse of power, as well as the spirit embodying in his thoughts.After having discussed Montesquieu's thought of anti-corruption with regard to every aspect, this paper points out the enlightenment from Montesquieu's thought of anti-corruption to the work of anti-corruption today, including the something ignored by people as well as something very important which is really not main current, for example, reinforcing the research on the corruption of society life; getting a clear understanding of anti-corruption's valuable target; enlightenment to the train of thought of govern corruption, which maybe summarized into two aspects that is conduct and restrain, and attaching sufficiency importance to educate.