Studies On Madison’s Separation Of Powers And Checks And Balances Thought

Separation of powers thought is the most representative part in the all of political theory of James Madison who was knows as the "Father of the Constitution" of the United States. Madison’separation of powers theory was based on the Modern separation of powers theory and was build up Combining with the political development of the plight of the confederation period. In the history of Western political thought, he is also the first person who attempts to use Separation of powers Theory to solve real-world political issues of America. It is the separation of powers thought of Montesquieu that constitutes the most direct theoretical sources of Madison’separation of powers thought. To prevent government tyranny and to protect the freedom of the people and win the country’s political and social stability are the starting point of Madison’s separation of powers theory and also the original intention that Madison introduces the idea separation of powers to the constitutional design of the United States.It is the argument of distrust of human nature that prompted Madison to design a mechanism of separation of power and checks and balances to prevent abuse of government power. To this end, Madison designed a Mechanism of checks and balances respectively from horizontal and vertical. Separation of powers of Madison is to solve the problem of horizontal run of the national executive, legislative and judicial power. The U.S. Federal Constitution adopted this Mechanism that emphasis on the independent of the three powers and also focus on the cooperation that all times full of checks and balances to each other. In the end, it has also become a "lubricant" in the normal operation of the state system todayAt the same time, in order to solve the national instability problem caused by the state government violations of the federal government’s powers, Madison expect the separation of powers thought also applied to solve the relations of the power between the federal government and the state government. Madison’s thought as the guiding principle, the United States Constitution establishes the system of checks and balances between the federal government and the state government. Federalism in the U.S not only enhanced the control of the central government to the state, but also guaranteed the autonomy of the states. Federalism in the United States eventually is a model of democracy.My paper intends to use three sections to research separation of powers checks and balances thought of Madison. The first part will focus on analyzing the ideological background and theoretical origin of the separation of powers and checks and balances theory of Madison. In the second part, will analysis of the theory of Lateral aspects of the Madison. The third part of the paper is Madison’vertical separation of powers and checks and balances theory.