Chinese Local Government Contracting-Out

As a new idea, system and method of providing public service by government, government contracting-out has been used widely by all levels of Chinese local government in many fields of social public service in the recent years which has turned to be an important approach for government gradually to raise the level of public service. Government contracting-out is a government action to purchase all or a part of public services which are provided contractually and their sorts and quality are defined by government through the expense payment to kinds of social service organizations by government finance funds for the purpose of implementation of public service duties. It is a sort of supply mode of public service providing by government with the way of"government investing, directional purchase, contractual management and encashment by evaluation". Coming of the social welfare system reform from western countries, government contracting-out has been used universally in European and American developed countries from 1980's. Based on the theory and definition of New Public Management, Governing and Service Oriented Government, government contracting-out imports marketability and interoperability to its supply system through marketization and socialization of public service. Meanwhile, as a new method to upgrade the quality and efficiency of public service, government contracting-out is showing us a new approach to maximate the efficacity of public finance and optimizes public service.As a new option in China, government contracting-out is in the ascendant which is widely and progressively used in the fields of pension service, community public medical service, employment service and other sorts of specialized service area especially. Although, government contracting-out effected some positive progress and result in pushing the build of Chinese local government, increasing social welfare, developing non-profit organization and expanding the method and measure of public service, it still existed some problems correspondingly. On the basis of theory study and practice evaluation, analyzing and researching the behavior rule of government contracting-out as the point of departure, the article tries to answer the questions of"Who to buy, Whom to buy from, How to buy, What to buy and Why to buy"through the study and analysis on the behavior elements of behavior subject, behavior mode, behavior object and behavior target. The article also intends to discuss about the recognition of government contracting-out project and beneficial object, selection of purchase mode, quality control and evaluation method by behavior mode study with example demonstration. Furthermore, starting from the influencing factor study of pushing government contracting-out by Chinese local governmen, the article sets off the analysis and discussion on motivity resource, supply system, subject cultivation and management specialization. Based on the above analysis and research, integrating with the practice, the article provides the suggestions of establishing service oriented government definition, setting up effective supply system of government contracting-out, cultivating non-profit organization positively and upgrading specialization level of public service progressively for the pushing of effective way of government contracting-out by Chinese local government. The article won't discuss government contracting-out comprehensively. Instead, with the attempt of the systematization and standardization study of government contracting-out, it's expected to provide some helpful thoughts and suggestions on the application research of government contracting-out.Starting with the discussion on the historic background and theory of government contracting-out, the article analyzes the experience, success and disadvantage of Chinese local government contracting-out practice, and brings forward the study topics. The behavior rule of government contracting-out is also discussed based on the research and analysis of behavior elements and behavior modes; and the improving suggestions on Chinese local government contracting-out are provided on the basis of analyzing influencing factor of push government contracting-out in China. Beginning with New Public Management theory and ending by New Public Service theory want to express such information: human being's pensee will never be ended.