Investigation On Democratic Constitutionalism Practice Of The-people's-livelihood-theory Of SUN Zhongshan

DUAN Fang, a important minister of the Qing dynasty said: the USA based their regime on industry and commerce and drumed in the democratic rights, dissimilar to the system of Chinese government. What he said straightforwardly point out the reasons why the government of the last period of Qing dynasty didn't adopt American democratic constitutionalism and the close collection between economic foundation and democratic constitutionalism. Therefore, we need at first research the civic society which is behind in the industry and commerce in USA, before we transplant the democratic constitutionalism to China. After all, the democratic constitutionalism of USA is not based on without-foundational reason.The development in the industry and commerce gathered a huge civic estate for USA, which helped America took the lead in coming into being a infrequent olive-shape society .A majority of people have stable incomes and the stable social positions in this country, which reduced radical ingredient during the democratic constitutionalism movement and initiated conceptions of democratic constitutionalism: decentralization of power, limited government, dependence between body politic and civil society and body politic strict and decided by the civil society.For most man-of-insight in china in modern history, such as SUN Zhongshan, eager to change behindhand and impecunious situation by learn from the west. He locked-in USA as a model after he observed and studied the system of most modern western countries. He was on to the close collection between economic foundation and democratic constitutionalism cautiously, and then, he brought forward the famous the-people's-livelihood-theory, with the attention of cultivating a tested civic society and grounding foundation for democratic constitutionalism.There were taken in the notion of latitude commerce and develop industry, develop modern national economy, and so far as to writing the-people's-livelihood-theory into constitution in his practice. In fact, his practices laid a foundation for the democratic constitutionalism, however, owing to the idiosyncracy of flabbiness of bourgeoisie in modern china, his attitude of innovation was ambiguous. As a result, the depth and extent of innovation was limited.