The Policy And Legislation Study On Sustainable Utilizing Of Wetland

Wetland is one of the three greatest ecosystems on the earth, which refers to savage or manual, permanent or temporary swampland, and fresh water or salt water, and under 6 meters of the sea water area on the low tide. Wetland has very high economic, ecological and social value, which is closely bound up with our existence and development.The wetland area in China is vast and wide. However, in recent years, along with the increasing of the population and the developing of economy, wetland areas in our country are getting serious day by day, so we pay more and more attention to the protection and reasonable use of wetland. Research on wetland legislation is on the starting stage in our country by now. China has joined "Ramsar Convention" in 1992, but there is no one nationality specialized law about wetland protection. District legislation on wetland protection is very well, which lays a stability foundation for national legislation.For the sake of seizing the problems in protecting, exploring and using wetland, the author does a survey about wetland in Shaanxi province, some problems are found as follows: firstly, irrationality exploring and using wetland results in wetland reducing and degenerating sharply; secondly, overusing wetland water leads to wetland pollution and water scarcity; thirdly, the chaotic administration system for wetland; fourthly, the ambiguity land ownership of wetland; fifthly, there is no complete wetland environmental effect appraisal system and wetland investigation and monitor system; sixthly, wetland protective areas have no perfect organizational system; seventhly, the wetland protective legal system is not sound. These problems are common on most of areas of our country, so this article makes use of the examples of Shaanxi province to analyze national wetland legal protection.Many countries place in the lead position on the study of wetland legal protection in the world, and they have too much successful experience, so in this article the author summarize the advanced theories of American, England and Japan to offer some reference for our country.By analyzing the current state of management and legislation in China, the author thinks the construct strategic mode of sustainable utilizing of wetland should be constructed. First of all, setting up to the advanced principle, as following the ecosystem regulation and the wetland resources paid using. In the next place, reforming current wetland administration management, then establish wetland manage cooperation mechanism and the community condominium in wetland areas. What is more, we should stipulate some basic legal systems, such as the land ownership of wetland; the wetland environmental effect appraisal system; the wetland investigation and monitor system; the safeguard system for using the wetland ecology water and so on. Moreover, developing ecological tourist and ecological agriculture, realize the economic development of wetland.