| From the angle of political philosophy, this dissertation tends to arrange and reappear Ancient Greek Justice Theory, elaborate the development of it, and explore its nature. Divided into four parts, this paper believes that Ancient Greek Justice Theory has developed from natural justice to polis justices.In the first part—the expression and realization of natural justices, the idea that natural justice includes that in mythical context and natural philosophic period is expressed. The natural justice in ancient Greek mythical context refers to the justice ideology represented by order, contract and honor in Homer's Epic, and the one of Hesiod's in the form of labor, tranquility and peace. And the part of the justice ideology in natural philosophic period mainly discusses the ideology of Pythagoras and Heracleitus. The paper believes that the justice ideology of Pythagoras is built on his philosophy of 'number is harmonious', expressed by the equality between the order of universe and its citizens; the philosophical foundation of the justice ideology of Heracleitus is 'fire is the base of everything' and 'the order of universe--logos', expressed by the idea that 'justice is struggle' and 'justice is the rule of the law'. Finally, the channel and expression of the realization of justice ideology in political life is illustrated by the example of Solon's lawmaking and revolution.In the second part—reveal of the polis justice theory, the critical point of the change from natural justice to polis justice is analyzed. This paper believes that the change, which initiated by the wise and Socrates, results from the command of times, the defects of natural justice itself and the widespread of ethic meditation and political meditation. The analysis on the justice ideology of the wise is based on the example of Protagoras and Selaximake. From Protagoras's view that 'men is the measure of everything', this paper believes that the justice ideology of Protagoras's is the reflection of the rule of the law, democratic equality, and the education of the citizens; the illustration of Selaximake's view is from his point of 'justice is strong person's profit'. Last, this part analyze the justice ideology of Socrates—'justice is knowledge', 'justice is the legitimate regulation ', 'justice lies in the education of the citizen's virtues'. |
