On Mao Zedong's Intellectual Thoughts In 1956-1966

When the Communist Party of China (CPC) applies the general principles of Marxism to the concrete practice of revolutions and construction of China, the intellectual problem is one of the important theoretical and practical problems that must be given a correct understanding and resolved. In the leadership of the revolutions and construction of China, Mao Zedong has established a series of rich thoughts on the intellectual problem. Mao Zedong's correct discussion on the intellectual problem is one of the important components of Mao Zedong Thoughts. Especially after the socialist system is established, Mao Zedong's intellectual thoughts have been further enriched and developed. Mao Zedong's intellectual thoughts in the socialist period were complex, to which Mao's outstanding contributions and faults and deviations were owed to. These thoughts are undoubtedly of great values for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.With the study of Mao Zedong's intellectual thoughts in 1956-1966 in this paper, it is presented that Chairman Mao definitely realized that intellectuals were"brain workers"in this period, fully acknowledging the status and roles of the intellectuals in the socialist society and having established a series of correct policies on the intellectuals. In the meanwhile, the faults of Mao's intellectual thoughts in this period are given a complete and thorough analysis in the paper. It is presented that Mao's intellectual thoughts in this period are not only the inheritance and development of the theories on intellectuals of Marxism and Leninism but also the starting point and important theoretical source of Deng Xiaoping's intellectual thoughts, which give a great impact on the CPC's theories and policies on the intellectuals today. In the paper, it is thought that a complete and objective understanding of Mao's intellectual thoughts in 1956-1966 must be made, Mao's important theoretical contributions to the problems on the intellectuals in this period should be fully affirmed and explored and Mao's faults on the intellectual problem in his late years should be given a fair and objective evaluation. Only through the thorough study of the theoretical and practical values of Mao's intellectual thoughts in this period, can the Marxist concepts on knowledge and intellectuals be truly built and the important roles of a great number of intellectuals in the construction of socialist modernization be fully motivated and given a full play.