A Study Of The Price Regulation And Reform In Electrical Industry In China

The electricity is in very important fundamental position in national economy and people's lives as the high-quality high-efficient energy two times, and price of electricity electric energy the " issue, fail , mix , sell " special price of item that finish at the same time. Economic benefits and even their survival and development of the price of electricity to electric enterprise have very important function, have very close relations with each trade in national economy, the people's life at the same time. Structure and reform of the price of electricity are an important component of the electric system reform. Page this purpose of thesis to discuss how design one suit of our country electric industry structure of price of electricity of development and reform the mode. This text divides five parts altogether First part Analyse the organization characteristics and products essential features of the electric industry. The article thinks the electric industry has very strong scale economy, range economy and network economy, the electric industry has characteristic of the natural monopoly industry. But the electric industry is not a complete natural monopoly industry; a great deal of links in the trade can introduce competition mechanism. On the other hand it is electric products the common in essential feature of products in industry must sex and possibility where price form; The difficult storing of products and demand change of different seasons; Particularity of cost accounting of the products. It is exactly electric industrial organization and these characteristics of the products, determine the characteristic of the structure of the electric product cost. Second part has described the necessity of the structure of the electric industry's price. The necessity that the article thinks the structure of the electric industry's price lies in : Preventing from causes the wasting greatly of social resources because of excessive competition; Avoid the emergence of the monopoly price and difference service, guarantee the high-efficient fairness that supplies with of resource allocation and have no difference; Guarantee the steady supply of electricity ; Guarantee safety in production of the electricity and environmental protection. The third part has probed into the level of the price of electricity and choice question of the system of electricity price. General principle that should be followed that the article is made from the price of electricity, level , price of electricity structure mode , system of electricity price 5 , influence factor of price of electricity and pricing of price of electricity analyze the general forming process of the price of electricity. Price of electricity general principle should followed to make to realize effective distribution of resources, prevent income from reallocate, guarantee enterprise financial affairs stabilize, guarantee enterprise benefit at first. Secondly the level of the price of electricity is influenced by such many kinds of factors as the macro adjustments and controls of production cost, market supply and demand, government, etc. Enterprises, in order to corner the market again, pursue great amount of profit, will with large profit method of fixing price, 3 kinds of methods, method of fixing price of marginal cost and method of fixing price of average unit cost confirm the level of the price of electricity most generally; And the government, in order to guarantee the price of electricity is in the reasonable level, guarantee some sustainable development of enterprise can select for use just rate of returns model, model, model of price ceiling and upper limit of income go on the structure to the price of electricity competence generally. Support of our country electric power industry commonly used system of electricity price in the world that industry draw lessons from for capacity price of electricity system finally, the price of electricity of electric consumption is made, makes and makes four kinds with the price of electricity of peak load at two prices of electricity. The fourth part has analyzed the current situation of the system of electricity price of our country and subject matter existing. The article thinks: Itcauses the price of electricity confused to implement many kinds of prices of electricity, new prices of electricity; The system of electricity price is unreasonable; Raise the price, add outside not to charge phenomenon to be more serious outside the price. These respects are problems urgently to be solved in the electricity price reform of the present stage of our country. The fifth part has probed into the basic thinking and countermeasure of the reform of system of electricity price of our country of the present stage. The basic thinking of the electricity price reform of our country should be on the basis of introduce competition mechanism, break monopoly as much as possibling at first, reinvent the science, reasonable, normal price of electricity and form the mechanism and structure system of price of electricity, set up competitive electric market, give full play to the basic function of the price of electricity in electric resource distribution, thus promote the electric industry of our country to get onto the right track of sustainable benign development. Secondly structure and basic countermeasure of the reform of the price of electricity are to structure the price of electricity of three sections of types at the present stage of our country, to the price of electricity of production, lose and mixes the price of electricity and retails the price of electricity to carry on the reform by stage. The reform tactics of producing the price of electricity are electric markets of power generating side that set up limited competition, recombinate from the system and the implementing schemes of proposing the reform of two respects of price adjustment. Fail, mix basic tactics of electricity price reform on one hand to supervision, power transmission and distribution of price, is it is it mix price of electricity supervise issue, according to supervise issue calculate and supervise to power transmission and distribution cost or price to fail to establish; Check and calculate the cost separately according to the different kinds of characteristics of losing the distribution network on the other hand, make the corresponding price. The basic tactics of retailing the...