Political Economy Analysis On The Problems Of The New Generation Of Migrant Workers

From the viewpoint of Political Economy, this paper briefly analyzes the reason which produces the new generation of peasant workers, and the basic features of them. Then, it discusses the problems that were caused by these workers and countermeasures of solving them. The author believes that these problems are resulted from an interacting factor, which consists of political, economical and institutional problems. And, all of these problems have come into being in the process of our social and economical transformation. The solution to these problems are closely connected to stability, which needs the authorities to guide all walks of life to make overall economic and social policies, only in this way can we establish a powerful social support system.In the following passages, the author provides an introduction and five chapters to discuss the topic in depth. In introduction, by providing the researching situation at present, researching framework, method and innovation, the author introduces the theoretical and practical meaning of the selected topic. Next, in the first chapter, the author adopts Lewis and Todaro's Push-Pull Theory to analyze the political and economical reason, which give birth to the new generation of peasant workers. By making a comparison between the old and new generation of peasant workers, the author successfully describes three features of the new generation of peasant worker. Of these features, high education, high expectation on career, more demands on material and spiritual comforts and less patience on job are included. Then, in the second chapter, the author discusses the current employment situation of the new generation of peasant workers, by discussion, the author points out that the lack of social capital and human capital is the key reason why those new peasant workers have flowed into the secondary labour market. Meanwhile, this chapter also elaborates the relationship between the third party and the new generation of peasant workers' difficulty in finding a job. The third party not only includes government at all ranks, but also those non-governmental organizations. Different policy goals between central and local government bring those new peasant workers into a disadvantageous position. But the non-governmental organizations are hard to get workers' trust because of their low ability, which makes the non-governmental organizations lack effects of attracting workers. According to the analysis of those new workers' income and social status, the third chapter tends to discuss those new workers' development dilemma of being depriving economic rights. The new generation of peasant workers'income have been increasing slowly, but city dwellers' income have been increasing at a faster speed. The gap between them is gradually widening, therefore, so far as economic position is concerned, those new workers are relatively poor. The fourth chapter proves a fact that the new generation of peasant workers' political rights have long been neglected. There are two aspects can verify this proposition. On one hand, the generation of peasant workers' political rights in their villages are only exist in name only. On the other hand, in terms of political mentality, political expectation and political claims, the lack of political rights will undoubtedly cause a remodeling of those new workers. Finally, the author makes a comprehensive respond to those above-mentioned problems, and put forward to relevant strategies.The key point of this paper is that the emergence of the new generation of peasant workers is inevitable in the process of social transformation. The essence of the problem is that there is no perfect institution for those workers to transfer from villages to towns or cities. Therefore, those workers can only live in a dilemma. Since they have made economical contribution to cities, but still live in low social status, they have strong political claims but always been ignored. This situation is unfavorable to promote social industrialization, urbanization, economic development and political stability, etc. Government at all levels must concentrate all kinds of correlative resources, establishing and perfecting policies on those workers' living and developing conditions. Those workers should be transferred to the cities reasonably and orderly under the governments'guidance. In this way, those workers can be gradually admitted by city residents. There is no doubt that this will promote the transformation of social structure and can establish a harmonious society successfully.