Research On The Institutional Contradictions, Function And Development Of Villager's Self-governance

Based upon vast reading and site investigation of rural autonomy, this paper adopts a dialectic materialistic approach for an inductive analysis on the academic views in research on rural autonomy. It takes the position that such academic views can be roughly generalized into three groups - complete affirmation, incredulous rejection and melioration-needed - and offers respective analysis and evaluation on them. Then it anatomizes the laws and regulations on rural autonomy and the essence of the problems as arising in the implementation of rural autonomy. It finds two critical causes for the diversified problems in rural autonomy: on theone hand is the discrepancies of the relatives laws themselves-the Regulations for RuralOrganization in the People's Republic of China which is contradictory, vague and inaccurate in circumscription and leads to the loose ends or disposable execution of such laws; On the other hand is the low qualifications of the subjects of such laws- the villagers (including the basic rural cadres), which is far from the requirement of implementing rural autonomy. Such innate defects in the rural autonomy have unsurprisingly led to various problems in its implementation. Based on such analysis, the paper proceeds on to dialectically explain the five functional effects of rural autonomy: that of immediate democracy, that of constitutional establishment, that of free election, that of democratic decisions and that of instructions from the government. Finally, with sufficient consideration of the prevailing international and domestic political and economical situations, the paper elaborates on the developing tendencies as well as the essential principles to be observed in the strategic reforms to be taken. The developing tendencies are: more normative and exoteric in democratic election, more considerate and reliable in decisions, more vitriform and efficient in democratic administration, and more strict and harmonious in democratic supervision. The developing disciplines are: thorough consideration on a comprehensive basis; balance between democracy and control; practical methods according to specific conditions; emancipated minds in pace with the time; exploitation of talents regardless of conventions; conformity of sources for economic and effective exploitation; strict supervision for corruption prevention.