| In late 90's 20th century, The Federal Government of USA launched a reform movement on vocational training systems to accommodate development demand for "new economy movement". Focusing investment for human capital to vocational training helps keep it staying as the global economy overlord and sustainable development momentum. Studying the human capital investment strategy of USA means significant value of experience and enlightment to the implementation of China's human capital investment strategy. The article is divided into four parts:The first part mainly explained the definitions and the basic principles of human capital. Human capital theory accounts from the economics point of view for the economic value of the human makings and the important role in modern economic growth and social development, explains the relationship between education for humans making and economic growth. The form for human capital investment mainly includes formal education in schools, on-job training, medical hygiene and health care, population migration and flow etc. The human capital investment theory constitutes mainly of three divisions as human capital treasure theory, human capital increase theory and human capital property right theory of which the human capital increase theory addresses that the accumulation of human capital as the significant sources of modern economic growth. The second part explains the status of the American human capital investment and the background and content of its investment strategy. By analyzing mainly the status quo of the formal education in schools and the vocational training in American's human capital investment, we can see that the American's human capital enjoys the gross superiority and quality comparison superiority and the gross superiority and quality superiority benefit from abundant school education and vocational training investment. The main reasons to motivate US government to transfer the strategic human capital investment to vocational training are: Firstly the development of "new economy" and the fierce competition among countries push up the requirement for laborers higher and higher; Secondly, changes in employment forms, deteriorating of labor market and the fierce competition among enterprises forces laborers and enterprises to strengthen vocational training; Thirdly, market dysfunction in vocational training is also the important reason for the American government to strengthen the vocational training. Fourthly, the comparatively abundant investment to formal school education is the foundation for the American government to enlarge the investment for vocational training. The issue of the "Laborer Investment Act" in 1998 indicated the official transfer of the American human capital investment strategy center and marked the beginning of the vocational training system. The main contents of the American human capital investment strategy include: Firstly, to carry out streamlined service to integrate the employment and training through "one stop service" in social community; Secondly, to magnify personal options; Thirdly, to give prominence to prevail the service; Fourthly, to strengthen responsibility; Fifthly, to strengthen the role of the local laborer committee and private organizations; Sixthly, to authorize more flexibility to state and local government; Seventhly, to strengthen development for young laborers; Eighthly, to improve welfare systems and reduce welfare dependence. The third part mainly explains the implementation ways of the American human capital investment. The starting points of the American human capital investment strategy are to reform the vocational training and employment service and to consolidate these two systems, to shift the training systems closely to employment system, to make employment and vocation upgrade as the mainline and direct purpose of the human capital investment and to take the training as the main way to reach the target. The final points of the American human capital investment strategy as wel... |
