| China's ongoing market-oriented reform and opening policy is developing against specific national background: planned-economy system. To be successful, it is essential to make positive, reasonable and effective opening degree choice for the realization of high return and low cost during the opening. To avoid opening for the sole sake of opening, this article makes positive analysis on China's TOD to clarify the mistake of favoring opening scope regarding of quality requirements. It is also expected to have a deeper and clearer understanding of China's TOD and, thus, finds out a reasonable TOD. The reasonableness, means the best joint point should be explored at all possibilities, by comparison of opening returns and costs, which results in max returns at min costs.This article totally consists of six parts. The preface part explains the subject and makes lookback on related research reference from home and abroad. Despite a few different viewpoints, it is generally agreed that TOD index could be measured by trade dependence ratio, which is also applied in this article to have an easy access to statistics material around the world and current references. However, the trade dependence ratio index, although easygoing and simple, has been modified against its shortcomings, and associated with trade policy index, hoping to enjoy an overall understanding of China's TOD.The first part firstly explains connotation of a nation's TOD. The connotation of trade "opening degree" could be illustrated as, in which way, to which extent, at which cost, domestic goods and services entering world market and in which way, to which extent foreign goods and services entering domestic market. Secondly, restrictive factors to TOD have been discussed in the first part. Nothing existing solely, only with good understandings of these restrictive factors could their positive parts be fully played while avoiding negative parts. Thus, China's opening performance could be hopefully improved. Thirdly, the "proper" opening theory is introduced, using five "for or against benefits" index to briefly evaluate whether or not a nation's TOD is reasonable: TOD should be for the benefit of smooth operation of domestic social reproduction, for the benefit of taking advantages against domestic weakpoints during international exchange, for the benefit of acquiring global advanced technology, equipment, resources and capitals, for the benefit of subsistence and development of domestic national enterprises, and for the benefit of return of talents abroad, improvement of local talents in terms of quality and quantity, rapid transition of studying results into productivity. Finally, thearticle put forward TOD's means of measurement based on traditional tool of trade dependence ratio (TOR). However, the traditional TDR index should be modified against influence of various kinds, hoping to explore China's practical TOD. Afterwards, this practical one is comparatively analyzed with other nations, on the basis of which the reasonableness of China's TOD is concluded. Considering it is not enough to measure a nation's TOD solely with TDR index, a nation's trade policies, that is the market entrance qualification, have been introduced as a supplement, hoping to illustrate TOD with the other perspective and comprehensively evaluate the reasonableness of China's TOD.The second part makes positive analysis of China's TOD with unmodified TDR index. Not considering influencing factors to the traditional TDR, the calculated nominal TOD is comparatively high after international comparison. Also in this part, China's trade structure is analyzed, concluding China's poor trade structure and inferior foreign trade opening quality.In the third part, the TDR index is adjusted with three influencing factors: economic scale, trade form and exchange rate. After international comparison, the calculated practical TOD based on adjusted TDR is found much lower than developed countries and even some developing countries, illustrating China's foreign trade opening is a... |
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