| Agriculture surplus labor force shifting is an impassable stage in the process of developing country industrialization, in fact an employment structure adjustment to industrial structure, and is of industrialization .resource allocation, countrymen enrichment significant.In the middle 90's, channels which employed agriculture surplus, labor force -worked smoothlessly. As a major one, township enterprise's employment capability is weakening, 晈hile city enterprises is in lying off and firing peasant worker. These phenomena due to the adjustment and transformation of economic structure. Reflux will bring the adjustment of industrial structure into lacking important parameter which offer the true status about the labor market supply if we halt the shifting of agriculture surplus labor force at present, not taking those agriculture surplus labor force into account is equal to home to dualistic economy. To avoid it, we must study how to promote agriculture surplus labor force employment in the adjustment of economic structure.It's quite feasible. That agriculture surplus labor force can't be absorbed adequately cause mostly by lacking of division of labor. Lacking of division of labor include production specialization insufficient and production structure singlization. So, as far as demand is concerned, specialization insufficient cause to consume inadequately, on the other hand, insufficient production individuality and production discrepancy results in excessive competition, thus sluggish market and austere economy, and can't help employment. Therefore, we must make sure to variegate production structure below each given technology level while heighten industrial structure. Ways are product innovation, industrial art innovation, organization and institution innovation, and market innovation as well. Base on national condition, we must amend and construct division of labor.Enough evolution of division of labor may enhance employment by means of expanse market capacity and economy. Because choosing division of labor is to choose exchange meanwhile. So long as evolution of division of labor going on, new jobs will come into being. Production structure variety guarantee agriculture surplus labor force gets those vacant.The experience which our urban and rural employed agriculture surplus labor force by division of labor offer four modes here: first, agriculture industrialization mode; second, township enterprise development mode; third, city industry and service business development mode; forth, town development mode. Compare with the amount agriculture surplus labor force obtain employment, agriculture industrialization mode absorb more peasants by changing cultivation structure, plant labor梚ntensive crops, such as fruits, vegetable, but still those industry and service business which fit the need of agriculture production will absorb mostly. Township enterprise development mode absorb peasant worker less than before because of it's scatter distribution. City industry and service business development mode is in industrial structure adjustment, and private undertaking enterprise in it's initiation, however towndevelopment mode develop labor梚ntensive industry mainly, distribute concentrativly, and is keeping with industry technology distribution, hence may absorb a great number of agriculture surplus labor force.Compare with the transformation of labor quality, town development mode may make sure to promote quality by "learning by doing", besides, by exert the function which town government offer to educate and civilize, this mode will enhance human capital accumulation, thus transform labor quality. All in all, town development mode must be used to absorb agriculture surplus labor force as a major mode nowtime.Compare with all those modes, we found the difference between them is the different economy development basement. The usage of those modes reflects absorbing surplus labor from scatter to gather ruralization to citilization. So base on the different status of our district economy, we adv... |
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