Study On Yangshao Culture In The Ruins Of Gouwan

The ruins of Gouwan, formerly Xiaji ruins, are mainly about the piles of Neolithic Age. The relics include four periods:the Yangshao culture, Qujialing culture, Shijiahe culture, and the third period of WangWan culture, among which the relics of Yangshao culture is most abundant. Recent archaeological excavations show that this region has been formed ring-trench settlement during Yangshao period, of which the rich cultural connotation provided a large amount of material for our study on the archaeological culture and surrounding cultural relations in the southwest of Henan province at this stage.The ruins of Gouwan is located in the middle reaches of Han River, which is the lingked zone of cultural district of the Yellow River and the middle reaches of Yangtze River. The study of the ruins is highly valuable for academic study not only on the development series of the Neolithic-Age culture in the middle reaches of Han River and the stages of different cultures, revealing the settlement layout and the regulations in different period, probing the relationship between people and the natural environment, but also on exploring the cultural communications between the Yellow River and Yangtze River regions.Based on the latest materials, this article applies archaeological methods of stratigraphy, typology, cultural factor analysis and the method of settlement to study on the ruins of Gouwan. Based on the collation of these materials, and combined with the groups by the broken relationship, the article compares and lines up the relics of different groups, then makes periods and stages. Based on the staging, analyze the cultural identity of the remains in different period. Combined with other materials of ruinss excavated in the region, explore the relationship with neighboring states and then analyze the characteristics of settlement in different periods, to study the layout and the changes of different periods. Then it reflects the general development of Yangshao culture in this region objectively and comprehensively.The results show that the Yangshao culture in southwestern Henan can be divided into four periods, which basically solved the origin and development of Yangshao. As the representative, the degree of acceptance for other cultural factors is different at different stages of Gouwan ruins:considerable influenced by Guanzhong area in early period, large influenced by the middle of Henan regions in middle period, but remained the autonomy and independence overall the development. In the progress of communications and influences among the various types of interaction within Yangshao culture, the process is gradually blending the west, south, thereby affecting the up and middle reaches of the Han River. The settlement pattern also showed the momentum of progressive development, but was replaced quickly by the Qujialing culture in the end.