Sima Qian's Scholar-consciousness And The "Unrecognized" Theme Of Chinese Literature Before Yuan Dynasty

If kongzi included, the tradition of Chinese scholars has continued at least two thousand and five hundred years, and the wave of it has not stopped by now. Scholars'impact and evolution in Chinese history was complex, and no simple view can fully explain it. But the most undisputed fact is that heritage and innovation of culture and intellectual was always their central task.Dynasty Han's territory extended, and the world was unified. In this kind of the age,Sima Qian's developed his broad vision and broad mind, and formed the idea of nation unity. During the early and middle term of the Western Han Dynasty, the whole society was covered by the trend of theology. As a historian and a thinker, Sima Qian created "Historical Records" in order to study in heaven and earth, taking the characters as the center, the scholars class as the focus of attention. Throughout the "Historical Records", whatever on recording bloom and mourning, of on narrating people's successes and failures, Sima Qian had fully affirmed the role of people, which reflected his history value. In some chapters, Sima Qian questioned the Fate, complaint unfair destiny, and believed the mentality of fate. There was some contradiction on his understanding of the relationship between fate and people. To affirm people's initiative, he wrote that scholars choose their own path to realize the value of individual life. Because of the trust of the fate, he also wrote the tragedy of scholars to be the tease of fate.In "Historical Records", the scholars insisted self-improvement, held a strong sense of shame, big shame abandoned small meaning snow, and were full of ambition of exceeding mediocrity. These personality characteristics are important parts of Chinese traditional spirit. They considered morality and justice as their code of conduct, and considered the interests of the world as the goal of struggling. This kind of value was incompatible with the ruler class's value of pursuing personal interests, therefore, the scholars'tragedy of "unrecognized"fate produced.In the long history of Chinese literature, the subject of commiserating for scholars' tragedy was a typical theme among those enduring ones. Jia Yi's "Qu Yuan Fu","Fu Bird Fu", Dong's "Shibuyufu," and Sima Qian's "tragic for Shibuyufu" formed the prototype of "Unrecognized" literary. Under the influence of them, later scholars created lots of "Unrecognized"literary works, which established the status of the "Unrecognized" literary theme in Literary History.Chinese scholars'"Unrecognized" emotion was sad and querulous, but the they were optimistic, and they tended to place their emotion into literary works. Of course, as development of the society, scholars'mentality of "Unrecognized fate" changed a lot, but they didn't change their spirit of"worry and enjoy for the world".